A = \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{5}{6}.....\dfrac{79}{80}\)

=> A₁ < \(\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{4}{5}.\dfrac{5}{6}.....\dfrac{80}{81}\)

=> A² < A.A₁ = \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{4}{5}....\dfrac{79}{80}.\dfrac{80}{81}=\dfrac{1}{81}=\left(\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^2\)

=> A < \(\dfrac{1}{9}.\)

a=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot\dfrac{7}{8}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{79}{80}\)

a<\(\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{6}{7}\cdot\dfrac{8}{9}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{80}{81}\)

\(\text{a}^2< \dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot\dfrac{6}{7}\cdot\dfrac{7}{8}\cdot\dfrac{8}{9}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{79}{80}\cdot\dfrac{80}{81}\)

\(\Rightarrow\text{a}^2< \dfrac{1}{81}=\left(\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\text{a}< \dfrac{1}{9}\)(dpcm)

Nho tich cho mk nhe

Lời giải:

Gọi tổng trên là $A$. Ta có:

\(2A>\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{79}+\sqrt{80}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{80}+\sqrt{81}}\)

\(2A>\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{2}-1)}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4})(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})}+...+\frac{\sqrt{81}-\sqrt{80}}{(\sqrt{80}+\sqrt{81})(\sqrt{81}-\sqrt{80})}\)

\(2A>(\sqrt{2}-1)+(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})+(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})+....+(\sqrt{81}-\sqrt{80})\)

\(2A>\sqrt{81}-1=8\Rightarrow A>4\)

Ta có đpcm.

9: \(=1-\dfrac{1}{99}+1-\dfrac{1}{100}+\dfrac{100}{101}\cdot\dfrac{1-4+3}{12}=2-\dfrac{199}{9900}=\dfrac{19601}{9900}\)

10: \(=\left(\dfrac{78}{79}+\dfrac{79}{80}+\dfrac{80}{81}\right)\cdot\dfrac{6+5+9-20}{30}=0\)

\(2021-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)\)

\(=\left(1-1\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+...+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}\)

Giải:

\(2021-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}\) 

Ta có:

\(2021-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)\) 

\(=\left(1-1\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+...+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)\) 

\(=0+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}\) 

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}\) 

Mà \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}\) 

\(\Rightarrow2021-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}+...+\dfrac{2020}{2021}\left(đpcm\right)\)

-Áp dụng BĐT Caushy Schwarz cho các cặp số dương (1,1) ở tử và (a,b) ở mẫu ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

-Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\).

-Hoặc có thể c/m bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:

\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)ab.\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}.\left(a+b\right)ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

-Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)

Trước tiên, ta chứng minh \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (*)

(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\), luôn đúng.

Vậy (*) được chứng minh. Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\) 

\(\Rightarrow VT=a+b+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge a+b+\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

Đặt \(a+b=t\left(0< t\le\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)thì

\(VT\ge t+\dfrac{4}{t}\) \(=t+\dfrac{1}{4t}+\dfrac{15}{4t}\)  (1)

Bây giờ ta sẽ chứng minh \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) với \(a,b>0\) (**)

(**) \(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2-2\sqrt{a}\sqrt{b}+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy (**) được chứng minh. Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)

Do đó từ (1) \(\Rightarrow VT\ge\left(t+\dfrac{1}{4t}\right)+\dfrac{15}{4t}\) 

\(\ge2\sqrt{t.\dfrac{1}{4}t}+\dfrac{15}{4.\dfrac{1}{2}}\) (do \(0< t\le\dfrac{1}{2}\))

\(=\dfrac{17}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=a+b=\dfrac{1}{2}\\a=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Ta có đpcm.

đơn giản quá!

Bạn có bt làm bài 5 ko?