\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d+a}=1\) (vì a + b + c + d khác 0) nên a = b = c = d

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-b}{c+d}+\frac{2b-c}{d+a}+\frac{2c-d}{a+b}+\frac{2d-a}{b+c}=\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}.4=2\)

Từ dãy tỉ số bằng nhau đó, ta được:

\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}-1=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}-1=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}-1=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}-1\)

hay \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=4\)

Do đó,  \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=4\) => a=\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)

               \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=4\) =>b=\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)

               \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=4\) =>c=\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)

              \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}=4\) => d=\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)

=>a=b=c=d

a+bc+d

Do đó, M=\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{c+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}=1+1+1+1=4\)

Vậy M có giá trị là 4

Chưa học

=4

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được: 

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{a}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)

Khí đó:

\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)

\(M=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}=4\)

Vậy M = 4

Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{c+d+a}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\frac{c+d+a}{b}+1=\frac{a+b+d}{c}+1=\frac{a+b+c}{d}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)

Vì a+b+c+d\(\ne\)0=>a=b=c=d

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a+c}{b+d}+\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{a+c}{b+d}+\frac{b+c}{a+d}=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}=1+1+1+1=4\)

\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{a+c+d}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c+d}+1=\frac{b}{a+c+d}+1=\frac{c}{a+b+d}+1=\frac{d}{a+b+c}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+d}\)\(=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c}\)

Do a + b + c + d khác 0 nên: b+c+d = a+c+d = a+b+d = a+b+c  => a = b = c = d

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{a+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{b+b}{b+b}+\frac{c+c}{c+c}+\frac{d+d}{d+d}\)\(\left(a=b=c=d\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=1+1+1+1=4\)

Giải: Áp dụng t/c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d+a}=1\) (vì a + b + c + d\(\ne\)0)

=> \(\frac{a}{b}=1\)=> a = b

    \(\frac{b}{c}=1\) => b = c      

  \(\frac{c}{d}=1\) => c = d                              

\(\frac{d}{a}=1\) => d = a

=> a = b = c = d

Khi đó, ta có: \(\frac{2a-b}{c+d}+\frac{2b-c}{a+d}+\frac{2c-d}{a+b}+\frac{2d-a}{b+c}\)

hay \(\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}\)

\(=\frac{a}{2a}+\frac{a}{2a}+\frac{a}{2a}+\frac{a}{2a}\)

= \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)

= \(\frac{1}{2}.4=2\)

 Vì  \(\frac{a}{b+c+d}\)=   \(\frac{b}{a+c+d}\)=  \(\frac{c}{a+b+d}\)= \(\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)nên

 \(\frac{a}{b+c+d}\)+1 = \(\frac{b}{a+c+d}\)+1 = \(\frac{c}{a+b+d}\)+1 = \(\frac{d}{a+b+c}\) +1

hay\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d}\) =     \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+c+d}\)=      \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+d}\)=    \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c}\)

Mà a + b + c + d \(\ne\)0  \(\Rightarrow\) \(b+c+d=a+c+d=a+b+d=a+b+c\)

                                       \(\Rightarrow\)     \(a=b=c=d\)

                                      \(\Rightarrow\) \(M=4\)

Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{a+c+d}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\frac{d}{a+b+c}\left(ĐK:a+b+c+d\ne0\right)\)

Cộng 1 và mỗi đẳng thức. Ta có:

\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}+1=\frac{b}{a+c+d}+1=\frac{c}{a+b+d}+1=\frac{d}{a+b+c}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c}\)

Vì các tử số của mỗi tỉ số bằng nhau suy ra các mẫu số của mỗi tỉ số bằng nhau

 + Suy ra: \(b+c+d=a+c+d=a+b+d=a+b+c\)

=> a = b = c = d

\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{a+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M=1+1+1+1=4\)

Xét a+b+c+d=0=>a+b=-(c+d) ;b+c=-(a+d); c+d=-(a+b);d+a=-(a+c)

=>M=a+b/c+d+b+c/a+d+c+d/a+b+d+a/b+c=-1+(-1)+(-1)+(-1)=-4(*)

Xét a+b+c+d khác 0=>a=b=c=d

=>M=a+b/c+d+b+c/a+d+c+d/a+b+d+a/b+c=1+1+1+1=4