Cho B = \(\frac{1}{3}\)+ \(\frac{1}{3^2}\)+ \(\frac{1}{3^3}\)+ \(\frac{1}{3^4}\)+...+ \(\frac{1}{3^{2004}}\)+ \(\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\) . CMR : B < \(\frac{1}{2}\)
Tính
\(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2015}}\)
\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{2004}{1}+\frac{2003}{2}+\frac{2002}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2004}}\)
a) \(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=1-\frac{1}{3^{2015}}\)
\(B=\frac{1-\frac{1}{3^{2015}}}{2}\)
b) Đặt \(A=\frac{2004}{1}+\frac{2003}{2}+\frac{2002}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2004}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\frac{2003}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2002}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2004}+1\right)+1\) ( tách 2004/1=2004 ra, cộng cho các phân số kia mỗi phân số 1 đơn vị, thì còn dư ra 1)
\(A=\frac{2005}{2}+\frac{2005}{3}+...+\frac{2005}{2004}+\frac{2005}{2005}\) ( 1 = 2005/2005)
\(A=2005.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2004}+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)
Thay A vào P được
\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2005}}{2005.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2004}+\frac{1}{2005}\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{2005}\)
Bài 2 : Tính : B = \(\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{2004}{1}+\frac{2003}{2}+\frac{2002}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2004}}\)
Mẫu số = 2004/1 + 2003/2 + 2002/3 + ... + 1/2004
= (1 + 1 + ... + 1) + 2003/2 + 2002/3 + ... + 1/2004
2004 số 1
= (1 + 2003/2) + (1 + 2002/3) + ... + (1 + 1/2004) + 1
= 2005/2 + 2005/3 + ... + 2005/2004 + 2005/2005
= 2005 × (1/2 + 1/3 + ... + 1/2004 + 1/2005)
=> B = 1/2005
Mẫu số = 2004/1 + 2003/2 + 2002/3 + ... + 1/2004
= (1 + 1 + ... + 1) + 2003/2 + 2002/3 + ... + 1/2004
2004 số 1
= (1 + 2003/2) + (1 + 2002/3) + ... + (1 + 1/2004) + 1
= 2005/2 + 2005/3 + ... + 2005/2004 + 2005/2005
= 2005 × (1/2 + 1/3 + ... + 1/2004 + 1/2005)
=> B = 1/2005
Tính:
B=\(\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+..+\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{2004}{1}+\frac{2003}{2}+\frac{2002}{3}+..+\frac{1}{2004}}\)
CMR: \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\left(n+1\right)n}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(P=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2004}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}}\right)< 2.1=2\)
CMR \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2\)
Lời giải:
Xét số hạng tổng quát \(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}\):
\(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{(n+1)-n}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})}{\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n(n+1)}}\)
\(< \frac{(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})}{\frac{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}{2}.\sqrt{n(n+1)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}< 2.\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n(n+1)}}=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Cho $n=1,2,....,2004$
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2004}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}})< 2\) (đpcm)
cho B =\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}+\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\)chứng minh rằng B < \(\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=3+\frac{1}{3^1}+\frac{1}{3^2}+....+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=\left(3+\frac{1}{3^1}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3^1}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=3-\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\Rightarrow B=\left(3-\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\right):2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3-\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\right):2<\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow B<\frac{1}{2}\)
3B=1+1/3+1/32+...+1/32004
3B-B=1-1/32005
2B=1-1/32005
B=1/2-1/(32005.2)
Vậy B <1/2
Hùng ơi sai rồi
3B=1+1/3+1/3^2+...+1/3^2004 chứ
Thay số 3 thành 1 vì 1/3*3=1 ko phải bằng 3
Cho B=\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}+\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\)
CMR:B<\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Cho B= \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}+\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\) . Chứng minh B<\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Có :
3B = 1 + 1/3 + 1/3^2 + .... + 1/3^2004
2B = 3B - B = ( 1 + 1/3 + 1/3^2 + ..... + 1/3^2004 ) - ( 1/3 + 1/3^2 + 1/3^3 + ..... + 1/3^2005 )
= 1 - 1/3^2005 < 1
=> B < 1 : 2 = 1/2
=> ĐPCM
Tk mk nha
\(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}+\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2003}}+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2004}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2005}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1-\frac{1}{3^{2005}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
CMR: \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2\)