\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16.8}{56}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Fe+\dfrac{3}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_2O_3\)

\(0.2....0.15.........0.1\)

\(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=0.2\left(mol\right)< 0.3\Rightarrow Fedư\)

\(V_{O_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.3-0.2\right)\cdot56=5.6\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(4Fe+3O_2\rightarrow2Fe_2O_3\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{4}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Sắt còn dư

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) n Fe = 16,8/56 = 0,3(mol)

$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O$

n H2 = 3/2 n Fe = 0,45(mol)

=> V H2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)

b)

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$

n HCl = 2n Fe = 0,6(mol)

=> m HCl = 0,6.36,5 = 21,9 gam

Chọn đáp án D

\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,1       0,2            0,1         0,1

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

0,2        0,4           0,2            0,2

\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72l\\ b)V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2+0,4}{2}=0,3l\\ c)m_{muối}=0,1.127+95.0,2=31,7g\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{18,25}{1+35,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\)

tỉ lệ            1    :     2       :       1    :    1

n(mol)    0,2------->0,4--------->0,2---->0,2

\(\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\left(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\right)\)

`=> Fe` hết, `HCl` dư, tính theo `Fe`

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,4=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot\left(1+35,5\right)=3,65\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

a) Ta có : PTHH : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có : \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

            \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH thì ta có : \(2n_{Fe}=n_{HCl}\)

Giả sử HCl dùng hết : \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}\) cần dùng là : \(0,25\left(mol\right)\) không thỏa mãn

\(\Rightarrow Fe\) dùng hết ; HCl dư 

Số mol HCl dư là : 

                \(0,5-0,2.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Khối lượng dư của HCl là :

                  \(0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

b) Do Fe dùng hết nên ta tính H theo Fe

Theo PTHH : \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Cu} = a ; n_{Al} = b ; n_{Fe} = c(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 64a + 27b + 56c = 28,6(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5b + c = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ \text{Mặt khác} : n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Cu + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CuO\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 4Fe + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3\\ \)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{n_X}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{0,5a +0,75b + 0,75c} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,4}(3)\\ (1)(2)(3)\Rightarrow a = \dfrac{317}{1460} ; b = \dfrac{121}{365}; c = \dfrac{15}{146}\\ \%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{\dfrac{317}{1460}.64}{28,6}.100\% = 48,59\%\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{\dfrac{121}{365}.27}{28,6}.100\% = 31,3\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 41,59\% - 31,3\% = 27,11\%\)

`a) PTHH:`

`2Fe + O_2` $\xrightarrow[]{t^o}$ `2FeO`

`0,5`    `0,25`        `0,5`                `(mol)`

`b) n_[Fe] = 28 / 56 = 0,5 (mol)`

`=> m_[FeO] = 0,5 . 72 = 36 (g)`

`c) V_[O_2] = 0,25 . 22,4 = 5,6 (l)`

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