n_H2= 1,12/22,4 = 0,05 mol

CaO + H₂O --> Ca(OH)₂

2K + 2H₂O --> 2KOH + H₂

0,1mol   < ------------ 0,05mol

m_K=0,1.39= 3,9g

m_CaO=9,5-3,9= 5,6g

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.05..............................0.05\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.05\cdot24=1.2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgO}=9.5-1.2=8.3\left(g\right)\)

\(\%Mg=\dfrac{1.2}{9.5}\cdot100\%=12.63\%\)

\(\%MgO=100-12.63=87.36\%\)

X gồm Fe và Cu. Với HCl:
nFe = nH2 = 0,04
=>nCu = (mX – mFe)/64 = 0,02
=> nCuO = nFexOy = 0,02
-> x = nFe/nFexOy = 2
; Oxit là Fe2O3.

Bảo toàn O: \(m_{O\left(oxit\right)}=m_{giảm}=4,8-3,52=1,28\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=\dfrac{1,28}{16}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

           0,04 <------------------------ 0,02

\(m_{Cu}=3,52-0,04.56=1,28\left(g\right)\\ n_{O\left(CuO\right)}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,28}{64}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O\left(Fe_xO_y\right)}=0,08-0,02=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

CTHH: Fe_xO_y

=> x : y = 0,04 : 0,06 = 2 : 3

CTHH Fe₂O₃

\(V_{C_2H_6} = 1,12\ lít \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{4,48-1,12}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2\\ m_{tăng}= m_{C_2H_4} = 0,15.28 = 4,2\ gam\)

a.b.\(m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=2,8g\)

\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{28}=0,1mol\)

\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

\(\rightarrow m_{CH_4}=\left(0,3-0,1\right).16=3,2g\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{2,8+3,2}.100=46,67\%\\\%m_{CH_4}=100\%-46,67\%=53,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)

    0,2                            0,2                 ( mol )

\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)

  0,1                              0,2                ( mol )

\(V_{CO_2}=\left(0,2+0,2\right).22,4=8,96l\)

.

TN1: Gọi (n_Cu, n_Al, n_Fe) = (a,b,c)

=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             b----------------------->1,5b

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

              c----------------------->c

=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)

TN2: Gọi (n_Cu, n_Al, n_Fe) = (ak,bk,ck)

=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO

            ak--->0,5ak

            4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

           bk--->0,75bk

            3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

           ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)

=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)

(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)