\(n_{MgO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m=40a+160b=12\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

\(m_{Muối}=120a+400y=32\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.05\)

\(\%MgO=\dfrac{0.1\cdot40}{12}\cdot100\%=33.33\%\)

\(\%Fe_2O_3=66.67\%\)

\(m_{dd}=12+200=212\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot120}{212}\cdot100\%=5.66\%\)

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0.05\cdot400}{212}\cdot100\%=9.42\%\)

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

              a_______a_______a_____a    (mol)

            \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                2b______3b__________b_____3b    (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27\cdot2b=11\\a+3b=0,2\cdot2=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%\approx50,91\%\\\%m_{Al}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

a) nH2SO4=0,4(mol)

Đặt: nFe=x(mol); nAl=y(mol) (x,y>0)

PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

x________x______x______x(mol)

2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

y____1,5y_______0,5y_______1,5y(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)

=>%mFe=(5,6/11).100=50,909%

=>%mAl= 49,091%

b) V(H2,đktc)=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)

c) nAl2(SO4)3= 0,5y=0,5.0,2=0,1(mol)

nFeSO4=x=0,1(mol)

Vddsau=VddH2SO4=0,2(l)

=>CMddAl2(SO4)3= 0,1/0,2=0,5(M)

CMddFeSO4=0,1/0,2=0,5(M)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2 

2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Al

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100=50,91\%\)

=> %m _Al = 100 - 50,91 =49,09 %

b)Theo PT:  \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)

c) \(CM_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)

\(CM_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,2}{2}}{0,2}=0,5M\)

PTHH: \(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

                 x______2x______x______x        (mol)

           \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

                  y______6y______2y_______3y    (mol)

a) Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}72x+102y=12,3\\2x+6y=0,25\cdot2=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot72}{12,3}\cdot100\%\approx58,54\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=41,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{AlCl_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=0,1\cdot127+0,1\cdot133,5=26,05\left(g\right)\)

      PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                    a_____2a______a____a           (mol)

                 \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                     b_____2b_______b____b         (mol)

Ta lập hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=10,4\\a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{10,4}\cdot100\%\approx53,85\%\\\%m_{Mg}=46,15\%\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

a, \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{500}.100\%=4,38\%\)

b, \(n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow3KCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}\)

______0,2_______0,6______________0,2 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)

\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,2.107=21,4\left(g\right)\)

n HCl = 360 x 18,25/(100x36,5) = 1,8 mol

H 2  + CuO  → t ° Cu +  H 2 O

n CuO  = x

Theo đề bài

m CuO (dư) +  m Cu =  m CuO  (dư) +  m Cu   p / u  - 3,2

m Cu  =  m Cu   p / u  - 3,2 => 64x = 80x - 3,2

=> x= 0,2 mol →  m H 2  = 0,4g

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl 2  +  H 2

Số mol HCl tác dụng với  Fe 3 O 4 ,  Fe 2 O 3 , FeO là 1,8 - 0,4 = 1,4 mol

Phương trình hóa học của phản ứng:

Fe 3 O 4 + 8HCl → 2 FeCl 3 + FeCl 2  + 4 H 2 O (1)

Fe 2 O 3  + 6HCl → 2 FeCl 3  + 3 H 2 O  (2)

FeO + 2HCl →  FeCl 2  +  H 2 O  (3)

Qua các phản ứng (1), (2), (3) ta nhận thấy  n H 2 O  = 1/2 n HCl  = 1,4:2 = 0,7 mol

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng, ta có:

m hỗn   hợp  +  m HCl  =  m muối  +  m H 2 O  +  m H 2

57,6 + 1,8 x 36,5 =  m muối  + 0,7 x 18 +0,4

m muối  = 57,6 + 65,7 - 12,6 - 0,4 = 110,3 (gam)