\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(2A1+2NAOH+2H_2O-2NaA10_2+H_2O\)

\(AI_2O_3=2NaOH+2NaOHA10_2+H_2O\)

\(n_{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{AI}=27.0,4=10,8\left(gam\right);mAI_2O_3=31,2-10,8=20,4\left(gam\right)\)

Biết làm mỗi câu A

 Chỉ Có Al tác dụng với HCl sp tạo ra khí H₂

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
   0.4           \(\leftarrow\)                           0.6  (mol)

\(Al_2O_3+HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+H_2O\)

n_Al=\(\dfrac{0.6\cdot2}{3}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

m_Al=0.4*27=10.8(g)

=)) \(m_{Al_2O_3}=31.2-10.8=20.4\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{10.8}{31.2}\cdot100=34.62\%\\\%Al_2O_3=\dfrac{20.4}{31.2}\cdot100=65.38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)

Cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với NaOH, chất rắn không tan là Fe

=> m_Fe= 1,12 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\Sigma n_{H_2}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,065-0,02=0,045\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,03.27=0,81\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=41,97\%,\%m_{Fe}=58,03\%\)

b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Al:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=13,7\\x+2y=0,55\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.mol\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{13,7}.100\%=61,31\%\)

\(a/n_{khí}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ n_{Fe}=a;n_{FeCO_3}=b\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ FeCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+116b=7,2\\a+b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=\dfrac{11}{150};b=\dfrac{2}{75}\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11:150.56}{7,2}\cdot100\%=57,04\%\\ \%m_{FeCO_3}=100\%-57,04\%=42,96\%\\ b/n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{11}{150}+\dfrac{2}{75}=0,1mol\\ C_{\%FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{7,2+94,9-\dfrac{11}{150}\cdot2-\dfrac{2}{75}\cdot44}\cdot100\%=12,6\%\)

\(a)n_{Mg} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\Rightarrow 24a + 56b = 10,4(1)\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} =a +b = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1\\ n_{MgCl_2} = a = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2} = 0,2.95 = 19(gam)\\ n_{FeCl_2} = b = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2} = 0,1.127 = 12,7(gam)\\ b)\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{10,4}.100\% = 46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% -46,15\% = 53,85\%\)

Gọi số mol của Al và Fe lần lượt là a và b

Ta có 1,5a + b = 0,25

1,5a = 0,15

=> a = 0,1 và b = 0,1

=> %Al = 32,53%

%Fe= 67,47%

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35mol\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

 x                                     x ( mol )

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

 y                                     y      ( mol )

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=21,4\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13g\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{21,4}.100=39,25\%\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-39,25\%=60,75\%\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05g\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2g\)

a) PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

nH2= 0,1(mol)

-> nFe= nFeCl2=nH2=0,1(mol)

=>mFeCl2=127.0,1=12,7(g)

PTHH: Fe2O3+ 6 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O

mFeCl3= m(hỗn hợp muối)- mFeCl2= 45,2- 12,7= 32,5(g)

b) => nFeCl3= 0,2(mol)

=> nFe2O3= nFeCl3/2= 0,2/2= 0,1(mol)

=> m(hỗn hợp ban đầu)= mFe+ mFe2O3= 0,1. 56+ 0,1.160=21,6(g)

a) PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

nH2= 0,1(mol)

-> nFe= nFeCl2=nH2=0,1(mol)

=>mFeCl2=127.0,1=12,7(g)

PTHH: Fe2O3+ 6 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O

mFeCl3= m(hỗn hợp muối)- mFeCl2= 45,2- 12,7= 32,5(g)

b) => nFeCl3= 0,2(mol)

=> nFe2O3= nFeCl3/2= 0,2/2= 0,1(mol)

=> m(hỗn hợp ban đầu)= mFe+ mFe2O3= 0,1. 56+ 0,1.160=21,6(g)

Bài 1:

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)

Bài 12:

Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:

\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)