2. Ta có: m_{KOH 20%} = \(\frac{200.20}{100}\) ₌ 40g

m_{KOH 10%} = m_KOH 20% = 40g

=>m_{dd KOH 10%}  = \(\frac{40.100}{10}\) = 400g

=> m_H2O = 400 - 200 =200g

nNaNa=48/115 mol

nNa2ONa2O=0,15 mol

Bảo toàn NaNa nNaOHNaOH=48/115+0,15.2=33/46 mol

=>mNaOHNaOH=660/23 gam

nH2H2=0,5nNaNa=24/115 mol

mdd sau pứ=9,6+9,3+100-48/115=118,4826 gam

C%dd NaOHNaOH=(660/23)/118,4826.100%=24,22%

nNa=0,3(mol); nNa2O=0,15(mol)

PTHH: Na + H2O -> NaOH + 1/2 H2

0,3_______________0,3___0,15(mol)

Na2O + H2O -> 2 NaOH

0,15_________0,3(mol)

=> nNaOH(sau p.ứ)=0,6(mol)

mddNaOH(sau p.ứ)= 284,1+ 6,9+9,3-0,15.2= 300(g)

Gọi x là KL của NaOH tinh khiết 80% lấy thêm. 

=> KL chất tan NaOH sau khi trộn vào cùng: mNaOH(cuối)= 0,6.23+0,8x=13,8+-0,8x (g)

KL dd NaOH sau thêm là: mddNaOH(cuối)=300+x(g)

Vì dd NaOH cuối có nồng độ 15% nên ta có pt:

\(\dfrac{13,8+0,8x}{300+x}.100=15\%\\ \Leftrightarrow x=48\)

Vậy cần thêm 48 gam NaOH độ tinh khiết 80% 

Chúc em học tốt!

Câu 1 :

mNaCl = 5.85*100/100= 5.85 g

mH2SO4 = 100*49/100=49 g

mNaOH = 100*20/100=20 g

BaSO4 không tan trong nước nên không tính được

Câu 2 :

nNa = 2.3/23 = 0.1 mol

Na + H2O --> NaOH + 1/2H2

0.1___________0.1______0.05

mdd sau phản ứng = 2.3 + 100 - 0.1 = 102.2 g

mNaOH = 4g

C%NaOH = 4/102.2*100% = 3.91%

Câu 3 :

nCa = 0.05 mol

Ca + 2H2O --> Ca(OH)2 + 2H2

0.05____________0.05_____0.1

mdd = 100 + 2 - 0.2 = 101.8 g

mCa(OH)2 = 3.7 g

C%Ca(OH)2 = 3.63%

Câu 4 :

nH2 = 5*10^-5 mol

Ca + 2H2O --> Ca(OH)2 + H2

5*10^-5__________5*10^-5__5*10^-5

mCa = 0.002 g

mCa(OH)2 = 0.0037 g

mdd sau phản ứng = 100 g

C%Ca(OH)2 = 0.0037%

PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}+2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,3\cdot40=12\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{Na_2O}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=110,7\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{110,7}\cdot100\%\approx10,84\%\)

Theo gt ta có: $n_{Na}=0,2(mol);n_{Na_2O}=0,1(mol)$

$2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH+H_2$

$Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH$

Ta có: $n_{NaOH}=0,4(mol);n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{dd}=110,6(g)$

$\Rightarrow \%C_{NaOH}=14,46\%$

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,2mol\)

\(n_{Na2O}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTNT\left(Na\right):n_{NaOH}=0,2+2.0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=n.M=16g\)

\(PTHH:Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

...............0,2...................................0,1.

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{H2O}-m_{H2}=110,6g\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{m}{m_{dd}}.100\%=14,46\%\)