\(A=-x^2-y^2+xy+2x+2y\\ =-2x^2-2y^2+2xy+4x+4y\\ =\left(-x^2+2xy-y^2\right)+\left(-x^2+4x-4\right)+\left(-y^2+4y-4\right)+8\\ =-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+8\\ =-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2+8\\ =-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]+8\\ \left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y;\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x;\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]\le0\\ \Leftrightarrow-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]+8\le8\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-2=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=y=2\)

Vậy \(MAX_A=8\text{ khi }x=y=2\)

a) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi ta có :

\(x^2+1\geq 2x\\ 4y^2+1\geq 4y\\ 9z^2+1\geq 6z\)

Suy ra \(S\leq 6\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=1;y=\frac{1}{2}; z=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(a,-x^2+2x+5=-\left(x^2-2x-5\right)=-\left(x^2-2x+1-6\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)

dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1=>Max A=6

\(b,B=-x^2-y^2+4x+4y+2=-x^2+4x-4-y^2+4x-4+10\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+10\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2+10=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\)

dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=2=>Max B=10

\(c,C=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)

dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1,y=-3=>MinC=2

\(x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3\left(x+y\right)^2-6xy+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+2xy+x+y+2-3xy\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+2\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=-2\)

\(M=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{4}{-2}=-2\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(x=y=-1\).

Đặt \(P=\dfrac{xy}{xy+1}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{P}=\dfrac{xy+1}{xy}=1+\dfrac{1}{xy}\)

Ta có : \(xy\le\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}=\dfrac{8}{2}=4\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{P}\ge5\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=2$