a) \(\int\left(x+\ln x\right)x^2\text{d}x=\int x^3\text{d}x+\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4}{4}+\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}+C\) (*)

Để tính: \(\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}\) ta sử dụng công thức tính tích phân từng phần như sau:

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\ln x\\v'=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u'=\dfrac{1}{x}\\v=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Suy ra:

\(\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x-\dfrac{1}{3}\int x^2\text{dx}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x-\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\)

Thay vào (*) ta tính được nguyên hàm của hàm số đã cho bằng:

(*) \(=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x+\dfrac{1}{9}x^3+C\)

\(=\dfrac{4}{9}x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x+C\)

b) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+\sin^2x\\v'=\sin x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u'=1+2\sin x.\cos x\\v=-\cos x\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(\int\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\sin x\text{dx}=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\int\left(1+2\sin x\cos^2x\right)\text{dx}\)

\(=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\int\cos x\text{dx}+2\int\sin x.\cos^2x\text{dx}\)

\(=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\sin x-2\int\cos^2x.d\left(\cos x\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\sin x-2\dfrac{\cos^3x}{3}+C\)

c) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+e^x\\v'=e^{2x}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u'=1+e^x\\v=\dfrac{1}{2}e^{2x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(\int\left(x+e^x\right)e^{2x}\text{dx}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+e^x\right)e^{2x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\left(1+e^x\right)e^{2x}\text{dx}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+e^x\right)e^{2x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\int e^{2x}\text{dx}-\dfrac{1}{2}\int e^{3x}\text{dx}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+e^x\right)e^{2x}-\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}e^{2x}-\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{3}e^{3x}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}xe^{2x}-\dfrac{1}{4}e^{2x}+\dfrac{1}{3}e^{3x}\)

\(I=\int\dfrac{x}{1-cos2x}dx=\int\dfrac{x}{2sin^2x}dx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\dfrac{x}{2}\\dv=\dfrac{1}{sin^2x}dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{2}\\v=-cotx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{-x.cotx}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\int cotxdx=\dfrac{-x.cotx}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{cosx.dx}{sinx}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x.cotx}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{d\left(sinx\right)}{sinx}=\dfrac{-x.cotx}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}ln\left|sinx\right|+C\)

2/ Câu 2 bữa trước làm rồi, bạn coi lại nhé

3/ \(I=\int\left(2x+1\right)ln^2xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=ln^2x\\dv=\left(2x+1\right)dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{2lnx}{x}dx\\v=x^2+x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+x\right)ln^2x-\int\left(2x+2\right)lnxdx=\left(x^2+x\right)ln^2x-I_1\)

\(I_1=\int\left(2x+2\right)lnx.dx\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=\left(2x+2\right)dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=x^2+2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I_1=\left(x^2+2x\right)lnx-\int\left(x+2\right)dx=\left(x^2+2x\right)ln-\dfrac{x^2}{2}+2x+C\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+x\right)ln^2x-\left(x^2+2x\right)lnx+\dfrac{x^2}{2}-2x+C\)

4/ \(I=\int\left(2x-1\right)cosx.dx\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=2x-1\\dv=cosx.dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=2dx\\v=sinx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(2x-1\right)sinx-2\int sinx.dx=\left(2x-1\right)sinx+2cosx+C\)

5/ \(I=\int\left(x^2+x+1\right)e^xdx\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x^2+x+1\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\left(2x+1\right)dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+x+1\right)e^x-\int\left(2x+1\right)e^xdx\)

\(I_1=\int\left(2x+1\right)e^xdx\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=2x+1\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=2dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I_1=\left(2x+1\right)e^x-2\int e^xdx=\left(2x+1\right)e^x-2e^x+C=\left(2x-1\right)e^x+C\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+x+1\right)e^x-\left(2x-1\right)e^x+C=\left(x^2-x+2\right)e^x+C\)

6/ \(I=\int\left(2x+1\right).ln\left(x+2\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=ln\left(x+2\right)\\dv=\left(2x+1\right)dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x+2}\\v=x^2+x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+x\right)ln\left(x+2\right)-\int\dfrac{x^2+x}{x+2}dx\)

\(=\left(x^2+x\right)ln\left(x+2\right)-\int\left(x-1+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\right)dx\)

\(I=\left(x^2+x\right)ln\left(x+2\right)-\dfrac{x^2}{2}+x-2ln\left|x+2\right|+C\)

Câu 2)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln ^2x\\ dv=x^2dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=2\frac{\ln x}{x}dx\\ v=\frac{x^3}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow I=\frac{x^3}{3}\ln ^2x-\frac{2}{3}\int x^2\ln xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} k=\ln x\\ dt=x^2dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} dk=\frac{dx}{x}\\ t=\frac{x^3}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int x^2\ln xdx=\frac{x^3\ln x}{3}-\int \frac{x^2}{3}dx=\frac{x^3\ln x}{3}-\frac{x^3}{9}+c\)

Do đó \(I=\frac{x^3\ln^2x}{3}-\frac{2}{9}x^3\ln x+\frac{2}{27}x^3+c\)

Câu 3:

\(I=\int\frac{2}{\cos 2x-7}dx=-\int\frac{2}{2\sin^2x+6}dx=-\int\frac{dx}{\sin^2x+3}\)

Đặt \(t=\tan\frac{x}{2}\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \sin x=\frac{2t}{t^2+1}\\ dx=\frac{2dt}{t^2+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\int \frac{2dt}{(t^2+1)\left ( \frac{4t^2}{(t^2+1)^2}+3 \right )}=-\int\frac{2(t^2+1)dt}{3t^4+10t^2+3}=-\int \frac{2d\left ( t-\frac{1}{t} \right )}{3\left ( t-\frac{1}{t} \right )^2+16}=\int\frac{2dk}{3k^2+16}\)

Đặt \(k=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\tan v\). Đến đây dễ dàng suy ra \(I=\frac{-1}{2\sqrt{3}}v+c\)

Câu 6)

\(I=-\int \frac{\left ( 1-\frac{1}{x^2} \right )dx}{x^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2}}=-\int \frac{d\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^2}=-\frac{1}{x+\frac{1}{x}}+c=-\frac{x}{x^2+1}+c\)

Câu 8)

\(I=\int \ln \left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)dx=\int \ln (x+1)dx-\int \ln (x-1)dx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I=\int \ln (x+1)d(x+1)-\int \ln (x-1)d(x-1)\)

Xét \(\int \ln tdt\) ta có:

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln t\\ dv=dt\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dt}{t}\\ v=t\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int \ln tdt=t\ln t-\int dt=t\ln t-t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow I=(x+1)\ln (x+1)-(x+1)-(x-1)\ln (x-1)+x-1+c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I=(x+1)\ln(x+1)-(x-1)\ln(x-1)+c\)

1/ \(I=\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+x+1}dx=\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{d\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x^2+x+1}=ln\left|x^2+x+1\right||^1_0=ln3\)

2/ \(\int\limits^{\dfrac{1}{2}}_0\dfrac{5x}{\left(1-x^2\right)^3}dx=-\dfrac{5}{2}\int\limits^{\dfrac{1}{2}}_0\dfrac{d\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)^3}=\dfrac{5}{4}\dfrac{1}{\left(1-x^2\right)^2}|^{\dfrac{1}{2}}_0=\dfrac{35}{36}\)

3/ \(\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)^3}dx\Rightarrow\) đặt \(x+1=t\Rightarrow x=t-1\Rightarrow dx=dt;\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow t=1\\x=1\Rightarrow t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(I=\int\limits^2_1\dfrac{2\left(t-1\right)dt}{t^3}=\int\limits^2_1\left(\dfrac{2}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t^3}\right)dt=\left(\dfrac{-2}{t}+\dfrac{1}{t^2}\right)|^2_1=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

4/ \(\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{4x-2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}dx\)

Kĩ thuật chung là tách và sử dụng hệ số bất định như sau:

\(\dfrac{4x-2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{ax+b}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{x+2}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)x^2+\left(2a+b\right)x+2b+c}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c=0\\2a+b=4\\2b+c=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=0\\a=-c=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\limits^1_0\left(\dfrac{2x}{x^2+1}-\dfrac{2}{x+2}\right)dx=\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{d\left(x^2+1\right)}{x^2+1}-2\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{d\left(x+2\right)}{x+2}=ln\dfrac{8}{9}\)

5/ \(\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{x^2dx}{x^6-9}\Rightarrow\) đặt \(x^3=t\Rightarrow3x^2dx=dt\Rightarrow x^2dx=\dfrac{1}{3}dt;\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow t=0\\x=1\Rightarrow t=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(I=\dfrac{1}{3}\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{dt}{t^2-9}=\dfrac{1}{18}\int\limits^1_0\left(\dfrac{1}{t-3}-\dfrac{1}{t+3}\right)dt=\dfrac{1}{18}ln\left|\dfrac{t-3}{t+3}\right||^1_0=-\dfrac{1}{18}ln2\)

6/ Tương tự câu 4, sử dụng hệ số bất định ta tách được:

\(\int\limits^2_1\dfrac{2x-1}{x^2\left(x+1\right)}dx=\int\limits^2_1\left(\dfrac{3x-1}{x^2}-\dfrac{3}{x+1}\right)dx=\int\limits^2_1\left(\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x^2}-\dfrac{3}{x+1}\right)dx\)

\(=\left(3ln\left|\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right|+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)|^2_1=3ln\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

a) Để ý đến công thức đổi cơ số logarit \(\log_2\left(1-3x\right)=\frac{1}{\ln2}\ln\left(1-3x\right)\)

Ta viết nguyên hàm đã cho dưới dạng \(I_1=\frac{1}{\ln2}\int\ln\left(1-3x\right)dx\)

Đặt \(u=\ln\left(1-3x\right)\) , \(dv=dx\)

Khi đó \(du=\frac{-3}{1-3x}dx\), \(v=x\)

Do đó :

\(I_1=\frac{1}{\ln2}\left[x\ln\left(1-3x\right)+3\int\frac{x}{1-3x}dx\right]\)

    \(=\frac{1}{\ln2}\left[x\ln\left(1-3x\right)+3\int\frac{1}{3}\left(-1+\frac{1}{1-3x}\right)dx\right]\)

    \(=\frac{1}{\ln2}\left[x\ln\left(1-3x\right)-\int dx+\frac{dx}{1-3x}\right]\)

    \(=\frac{1}{\ln2}\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)\ln\left(1-3x\right)-x\right]+C\)

b) Đặt \(u=\left(\ln x\right)^2\)  , \(dv=\left(2x-3\right)dx\)

Khi đó \(du=2\ln x\frac{dx}{x}\) , \(v=x^2-3x\)

Do đó 

\(I_2=\left(x^2-3x\right)\left(\ln x\right)^2-2\int\left(x-3\right)\ln xdx\)

\(\int\left(x-3\right)\ln xdx=I_2\)

Ta tính \(I_2\) Ta tìm nguyên hàm bằng cách lấy nguyên hàm từng phàn một làn nữa và thu được.

\(I_2=\left(\frac{1}{2}x^2-3x\right)\ln x-\int\left(\frac{1}{2}x-3\right)dx=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2-6x\right)\ln x-\frac{1}{4}x^2+3x\)

Từ đó  suy ra \(I_2=\left(x^2-3x\right)\left(\ln x\right)^2-\left(x^2-6x\right)\ln x+\frac{1}{2}x^2-6x+C\)

c) Đặt \(u=\ln x\) , \(dv=\left(4x^2+6x-7\right)dx\)

khi đó \(du=\frac{dx}{x}\) , \(v=\int\left(4x^2+6x-7\right)dx=x^4+3x^2-7x\)

Do đó

\(I_3=\left(x^4+3x^2-7x\right)\ln x-\int\frac{x^4+3x^2-7x}{x}dx\)

     \(=\left(x^4+3x^2-7x\right)\ln x-\left(\frac{x^4}{4}+\frac{3x^2}{2}-7x\right)+C\)

d) Đặt \(u=x^2-2x+3,a^xdx=dv\). Khi đó \(du=\left(2x-2\right)dx,v=\int a^xdx=\frac{a^x}{\ln a}\)

Do vậy \(I_4=\frac{\left(x^2-2x+3\right)a^x}{\ln a}-\frac{1}{\ln a}\int\left(2x-2\right)a^xdx\)

\(\int\left(2x-2\right)a^xdx=I_4\)*

Ta tính \(I_4\)* bằng cách lấy nguyên hàm từng phần một lần nữa. Ta có :

\(I_4\)*\(=\int\left(2x-2\right)a^xdx=\frac{\left(2x-2\right)a^x}{\ln a}-\frac{1}{\ln a}\int2a^xdx\)

                                  \(=\frac{\left(2x-2\right)a^x}{\ln a}-\frac{2a^x}{\left(\ln a\right)^2}\)

Từ đó suy ra \(I_4=\left[\frac{x^2-2x+3}{\ln a}-\frac{2x-2}{\left(\ln a\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(\ln a\right)^3}\right]a^x+C\)

Khi \(x=4>3\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=2x-3\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(4\right)=2.4-3=5\)

theo đề bài ta có:

\(\int\left(x_1\right)=2x_1+3\\ \int\left(x_2\right)=2x_2+3\\ suyra:\int\left(x_1\right)+\int\left(x_2\right)=2x_1+3+2x_2+3=2\cdot5+6=16\)

(có gì sai xin mọi người chỉ bảo thêm ạ!)

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