Question

Read the LEARN THIS! box. Can you find examples of a) rules a and b; b) rules c and d in the article?

LEARN THIS! a Gerunds are used as nouns, either as a subject or an object of a sentence. Swimming is my favourite activity. He suggested eating out this weekend. b Present participle (V-ing) is used as a verb in a sentence. Feeling thirsty, he looked for something to drink. I heard my son playing the piano in his room. c Perfect gerund (having + past participle) is used to emphasise a past action. The man was accused of having hunted in the national park illegally. d Perfect participle is used for an action happening before another. Having searched for the route carefully, the man started his journey.

Answer 1

Katie moved to Viet Nam after her mother found a job here. Having spent the first few months fitting to the new school, Katie now has an interesting school life. Last week, she joined her school’s field trip to Con Dao island. It involved releasing sea turtles into the sea. Having listened to careful instructions from the scientists, Katie and her friends received little turtles to care for before they took the turtles to the beach. Katie then learned how to release her little turtles to the sea. Though it was a short one, participating in the trip helped Katie make new friends. She loved having done something to protect the wildlife.

Ví dụ a: “participating in the trip helped Katie make new friends.”

(tham gia chuyến đi đã giúp Katie kết bạn mới.)

“It involved releasing sea turtles into the sea.”

(Nó liên quan đến việc thả rùa biển xuống biển.)

Ví dụ b: “Having spent the first few months fitting to the new school, Katie now has an interesting school life.”

(Trải qua vài tháng đầu tiên để thích nghi với ngôi trường mới, giờ đây Katie đã có một cuộc sống học đường thú vị.)

Ví dụ c: “She loved having done something to protect the wildlife.”

(Cô ấy thích làm điều gì đó để bảo vệ động vật hoang dã.)

Ví dụ d: “Having participated in the trip, Katie felt more connected to the environment.”

(Tham gia chuyến đi, Katie cảm thấy gắn kết hơn với môi trường.)