18.
Gọi mỗi dd có thể tích là 1l
\(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(3\right)}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\) nHCl sau pư
\(=0,1+0,3+0,5=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(x=\frac{0,9}{3}=0,3M\)
20.
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Gọi m là m của Mg và Fe
\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=\frac{m}{24}\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=\frac{m}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có
\(m_{HCl}=\frac{2xm}{24}+\frac{2xm}{56}=\frac{5m}{52}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\frac{5m}{43}.\frac{36,5}{20\%}=\frac{1825m}{84}\left(g\right)\)
mdd spu=2m+1825m/84-2m/24-2m/56=661m/28 g
C%FeCl2=m/56.127:661m/28.100%=9,6%