Câu 1:
\(m_{NaCl.8\%}=500\times8\%=40\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=500-40=460\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaCl.12\%}=\frac{460}{100\%-12\%}=522,73\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl.12\%}=522,73\times12\%=62,7276\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}thêm=62,7276-40=22,7276\left(g\right)\)
Câu 2:
\(m_{NaCl.12\%}=500\times12\%=60\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaCl.8\%}=\frac{60}{8\%}=750\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}thêm=750-500=250\left(g\right)\)