\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1=\dfrac{b}{a+c}+1=\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}\)

+) Nếu a+b+c=0

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\a+c=-b\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow D=\dfrac{a}{-a}+\dfrac{b}{-b}+\dfrac{c}{-c}=-1+-1+-1=-3\)

+) Nếu a+b+c khác 0

\(\Rightarrow b+c=a+c=a+b\\ \Rightarrow a=b=c\\ \Rightarrow D=\dfrac{a}{2a}+\dfrac{b}{2b}+\dfrac{c}{2c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(b+d\right)c=\left(a+c\right)d\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

b) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2a+c}{2b+d}=\dfrac{2a-c}{2b-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2b-d\right)\left(2a+c\right)=\left(2a-c\right)\left(2b+d\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

c) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}=\dfrac{3a}{3b}=\dfrac{5c}{5d}=\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{a-3c}{b-3d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(b-3d\right)\left(b-3d\right)=\left(3b+5d\right)\left(a-3c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Đính chính câu c

\(\Rightarrow\left(3a+5c\right)\left(b-3d\right)=\left(3b+5d\right)\left(a-3c\right)\)

Áp dụng TC của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , ta có :

\(\frac{2019a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2019b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2019c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2019d}{d}\)

\(=\frac{\left(2019a+a+a+a\right)+\left(2019b+b+b+b\right)+\left(2019c+c+c+c\right)+\left(2019d+d+d+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)

\(=\frac{2022\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2022\)

Xét a + b + c + d =0

=> ( a + b ) = - ( c + d ) ; ( b + c ) = - ( a + d ) ; ( c + d ) = - ( a + b ) ; (a + d ) = - ( b + c )

\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{-\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}+\frac{-\left(a+d\right)}{d+a}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{b+a}+\frac{-\left(a+d\right)}{b+c}\)

     \(M=\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-4\)

Xét a + b + c + d khác 0 

=> a = b = c = d 

=> M = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4

Vậy .....................

Bài làm:

Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

Ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)

=> \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2-b^2}=\frac{c^2+d^2}{c^2-d^2}\)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=kb\\c=kd\end{cases}}\)

=>\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2-b^2}=\frac{\left(kb\right)^2+b^2}{\left(kb\right)^2-b^2}=\frac{k^2b^2+b^2}{k^2b^2-b^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\frac{k^2+1}{k^2-1}\)(1)

=> \(\frac{c^2+d^2}{c^2-d^2}=\frac{\left(kd\right)^2+d^2}{\left(kd\right)^2-d^2}=\frac{k^2d^2+d^2}{k^2d^2-d^2}=\frac{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\frac{k^2+1}{k^2-1}\)(2)

Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm

Ta có tỉ lệ thức sau:

a/b=c/d => ad=cb 

(=) a/c=b/d

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

a/c=b/d= a+b/c+d = a-b/c-d =

(=) (a+b)^2/(c+d)^2 = (a-b)^2/(c-d)^2

(=) a^2+b^2/c^2+d^2 = a^2-b^2/c^2-d^2

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

a^2+b^2/c^2+d^2 = a^2-b^2/c^2-d^2 = a^2+b^2/a^2-b^2 = c^2+d^2/c^2-d^2

Trình bày của mình hơi dài giòng nên bạn có trình bày nào ngắn gọn hơn thì sài nha!

sai thì thôi nhá , tôi làm ko chắc lắm.

Trừ đi 1 ở mỗi tỉ số, ta được :

\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}-1=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}-1=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}-1=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}-1\)

\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)

Nếu a + b + c + d \(\ne\)0 thì a = b = c = d

Khi đó M = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4

Nếu a + b + c + d = 0 thì a + b = - ( c + d ) ; b + c = - ( d + a ) ; c + d = - ( a + b ) ; d + a = - ( b + c )

Khi đó M = ( -1 ) + ( -1 ) + ( -1 ) + ( -1 ) = -4

Áp dụng tính chất dãy ti số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{a-c}{b-d}\)

=> đpcm

Đề bài sai nhé em, ví dụ với \(a=c=1;b=2\) thì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{b}\)

Nhưng \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}\ne\dfrac{a}{b}\)

Đề bài đúng phải là \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\) 

Giải:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)

Ta có:

\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\left[\frac{b.\left(k+1\right)}{d.\left(k+1\right)}\right]^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\) (1)

\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2.k^2+b^2}{d^2.k^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2.\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2.\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)

Vậy \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)

theo đề bài ta có
\(ab\left(c^2+d^2\right)=ab.c^2+ab.d^2=\left(a.c\right).\left(b.c\right)+\left(a.d\right).\left(b.d\right)\\ cd\left(a^2+b^2\right)=cd.a^2+cd.b^2=\left(c.a\right).\left(d.a\right)+\left(c.b\right).\left(d.b\right)\)
\(\left(a.c\right)\left(b.c\right)+\left(a.d\right)\left(b.d\right)=\left(c.a\right)\left(d.a\right)+\left(c.b\right)\left(d.b\right)\) vì mỗi vế đều bằng nhau
- Cnứng minh \(\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
ta có vì \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{\left(c+d\right)}=\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\)

Gọi a/b=c/d=k(k khác 0)

Ta có:

a=bk

c=dk

VT:(\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\))² =(\(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\))² =(\(\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\))² =(\(\frac{b}{d}\))^{2 (1)}

VP:\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)=\(\frac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}\)=\(\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}\)=\(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)=(\(\frac{b}{d}\))² (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra bằng nhau