PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=6\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeSO_4}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,25\cdot152=38\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25\cdot98}{10\%}=245\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,25\cdot2=0,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=258,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{38}{258,5}\cdot100\%\approx14,7\%\)

pthh : Fe +H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ +H₂

theo bài ra số mol của h2 =0,15 (mol)

theo pt : nFe=nH₂=0,15 (mol)

mFe=0,15 .56 =8,4 (g) ⇒mCu=20-8,4=11,6 (g)

Ta có Fe3O4 + H2SO4 → Fe²⁺ +Fe³⁺ +h20

  Cu+ Fe³⁺→ Cu²⁺+Fe²⁺ 

đặt molH2SO4=x  bảo toàn KLg có   30,4 + 98.x =68,8+18,x→x=0,48mol  vậy để hòa tan hoàn toàn hh chất rắn cần mol H⁺=0,96mol ,

BTKL cho pư vs HCl ta thu đk muối=56,8g

Bài 1:

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\) 

Bài 3: 

PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ

\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

Theo đề bài: \(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{14,2}\cdot100\%\approx45,07\%\)

PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

               a_________________________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a   (mol)

            \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

                b_____________________b     (mol)

Ta lập được hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=14,2-6,4=7,8\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{14,2}\cdot100\%\approx38,03\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-38,03\%-45,07\%=16,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Tham khảo

\(a,n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ba}=\dfrac{127,5}{255}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(BaCO_3+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ba+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

             0,2<-------0,4<-----------------0,2<----------------0,2

\(\rightarrow n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ba\left(BaO\right)}=0,5-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(BaO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ba+H_2O\)

            0,3<----0,15<---------------0,3

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{BaCO_3}=0,2.197=39,4\left(g\right)\\m_{BaO}=0,3.153=45,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,V_{dd}=\dfrac{0,15+0,4}{1,5}=\dfrac{11}{30}\left(l\right)\\ \rightarrow C_{M\left(\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ba\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{\dfrac{11}{30}}=\dfrac{15}{11}M\)