Plans grow(46) almost every part of the world. We see(47) plants as flowers, glass, and tree nearly every day. Plants grow high on moutaintops, far in the oceans, and in many deserts and(48) regions

Without plants, there could be not life on earth. Man could not live without air of food and so he could not live without plants. The oxygen in the air we breathe comes from plants. The food we eat also comes from plants or from animals that eat plants. We build houses and make many(49) products from lumber cut from trees. (50) of our clothing is made from the fitbers of the cotton plants.

Scientists belive there are more than 350,000 species of plants, but no one knowns for(51). Some of the smallest plants, called diatoms, can be seen only with a(52). A drop of the water may hould as many as 500 diatoms. The largest living things are the giant sequoia trees of California. Some of them stand more than 290 feet high and measure over 30 feet wide

Scientist(53) all living things into two main groups - plants and animals. It is usually easy to tell the two(54). Almost all kinds of plants stay in one place, but nearly all species of animals move about under their own power. Most plants make their own food from air, sunglight, and water. Animals cannot make their own food. The basic units of all life, called cells, are also different in plants and animals. Most plants have thick wall that(55) a material called cellulost. Animal cells dl not have this material.

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II. Read the following passage and write True or False for each sentence below: (1.0 pt.)

Fox-hunting Hunting is a very old activity. Hundreds of years ago, kings and their families hunted deer. In the 1800s, fox-hunting became more popular. The hunters used groups of dogs to chase the foxes while they followed on horses. They wore special clothes for hunting: bright jackets-usually red – black boots and black hats. This tradition continued through the 1800s and 1900s, especially in rural areas. However, many people in the UK were unhappy about the tradition of fox-hunting. It was especially unpopular among people who lived in cities. They thought it was a cruel and out-dated activity and argued that it is wrong to kill animals for fun. On September 15th, 2004, the government 2 made a new law to ban hunting with dogs. The traditional fox hunts had to stop. They were now illegal.

13. There was a deer – hunting activity hundreds of years ago. .............................................

14. Fox – hunting activity became more popular than deer – hunting. ............................

15. The hunters wore black boots and red hats for hunting...........................................

16. Many people in the UK were glad about the tradition of fox – hunting. ......................................

True or False ay mn

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Hunting is a very old activity. Hundreds of years ago, kings and their families hunted deer. In the 1800s, fox-hunting became more popular. The hunters used groups of dogs to chase the foxes while they followed on horses. They wore special clothes for hunting: bright jackets-usually red – black boots and black hats. This tradition continued through the 1800s and 1900s, especially in rural areas. However, many people in the UK were unhappy about the tradition of fox-hunting. It was especially unpopular among people who lived in cities. They thought it was a cruel and out-dated activity and argued that it is wrong to kill animals for fun. On September 15th, 2004, the government 2 made a new law to ban hunting with dogs. The traditional fox hunts had to stop. They were now illegal.

17. What is the writer’s main idea in writing the text?

A. The history of deer–hunting. B. How to sit on horses. C. The special clothes for hunters. D. The fox–hunting activity in the past and its change.

18. The word "out-dated" in bold in line 4 refers to:

A. up to date B. out of date C. out of order D. up date

I. Reading comprehension

It is very difficult for man to live without the animal's help. Their role in the balance of nature ranks as their most important service to man. Animals also help man by supplying him with many foods and other useful products. Man wouldn't have any meat, milk,eggs or silk,wool,fur,etc...without animals. For thousands of years man has caused changes in the animal kingdom greatly. He has tamed many kinds of animals and used them for food and clothing. He has killed or driven away animals but today he tries to protect animals that are in danger of extinction. Like man , most plants depend on animals for many of their basic needs. Without animals,many plants couldn't easily reproduce. For example, many plants with flowers depend on bees and other insects carry their pollen from plant to plantb or birds often fly from one place to another with see clinging to their feet.

1. Animal are very important to man because....

A. They make the earth really interesting

B. They play a role in the balance of nature

C. Man enjoys looking at them inthe zoos

D. Man likes hunting them for pleasure

2. Animals supply man with.....

A. Foods as meat,milk,eggs,...

B. Materials such as wool, fur or silk

C. Many different kinds of useful products

D. All are correct

3. In the long history for thousands of years....

A. Man and animals have been best friends

B. Man has caused big changes to animal life

C. Animals have affected greatly on man's life

D. Ther hasn't been relation between man and animals

4. In nature,animals.....trees and plants

A. Enjoy eating flowers of

B. Have destroyed many kinds of

C. Also help reproduce

D. Prevent the reproduction of

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Rain forests cover less than six percent of the earth’s area, but they have 100,000 kinds of all the kinds of plants on the earth. Three-fourths of known kinds of plants and animals call the rain forest their home. Twenty percent of our different kinds of medicine comes from rain forests. The glues on an envelope and in shoes come from tropical plants. Rain forests provide materials for hundreds of other products.

Rain forests are also very important to the world’s climate. The Amazon rain forest alone receives about thirty to forty percent of the total rainfall on the earth and products about the same percentage of the world oxygen. Some scientists believe that the decreasing size of rain forests will affect the climate on the earth, making it uncomfortable or even dangerous for life.

Saving rain forests is an international problem. One country, or even a few countries, cannot solve the problem alone. The nations of the world must work together to find a solution before it is too late.

How many known kinds of plants and animals call the rain forests their home?

A. 4/3

B. 3/4

C. 40/3

D. 3/40

Wild animals (and wild plants) and the wild places where they live are seriously threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century. But many hundreds are now in danger. Lack of attention would lead to the rapid advance of the process of extinction.

Already many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is forgotten. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals etc. thought to be in danger of extinction.

But even more important, perhaps than individual kinds of animals and plants, whole habitats are in danger of vanishing: marshes are being drained, and the world forests, especially tropical forests are being cut down to satisfy man’s needs of timber and paper.

What would our world be like if all the wild animals and wild plants vanished? - Would our life still exist then?

1. What would happen to the human beings if the wild life vanished?

A. Many species would quickly become extinct.

B. The human life would be seriously threatened.

C. Species would go on dying out.

D. Tropical forests would be cut down.

2. What is more important than individual kinds of animals and plants?

A. the vanishing of whole habitats. B. the extinction of many species.

D. man’s need of timber and paper. C. the rapid advance of the process of extinction.

3. What does the writer caution us against?

A. cutting down the tropical forests. B. hunting wild animals.

C. draining marshes. D. destroying our environment.

4. What would happen if we cut down forests?

Cutting down forests would cause ……………..

A. the changes of temperature. B. the flood

C. both A and B are correct. D. none are correct.

5. “To threaten” in the passage means …………..

A. to pollute B. to give fear to C. to vanish D. to poison

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

 Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

From “global warming” by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H.Schneider

Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to ________.

A. bloom earlier

B. die instantly

C. become lighter

D. lose color

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.

With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.

Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.

Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to ______.

A. die instantly 

B. bloom earlier 

C. become lighter 

D. lose color 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

          Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.

          With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their rangers, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities of farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere father to go.

          Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.

          Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animals tend to move ________.

A. south - eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower elevations.

B. north - westward and up  mountainsides toward higher elevations

C. toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower elevations

D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations.