a) Đặt $\sqrt{x+1}=a; \sqrt{9-x}=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:

Tìm max, min của $f(a,b)=a+b$ với $a,b\geq 0$ và $a^2+b^2=10$Ta có:

$f^2(a,b)=(a+b)^2=a^2+b^2+2ab=10+2ab\geq 10$ do $ab\geq 0$

$\Rightarrow f(a,b)\geq \sqrt{10}$ hay $f_{\min}=\sqrt{10}$

Mặt khác: $f^2(a,b)=(a+b)^2\leq 2(a^2+b^2)=20$ (theo BĐT AM-GM)

$\Rightarrow f(a,b)\leq \sqrt{20}=2\sqrt{5}$ hay $f_{\max}=2\sqrt{5}$

b) 

Đặt $\sqrt{x}=a; \sqrt{2-x}=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:

Tìm max, min của $f(a,b)=a+b+ab$ với $a,b\geq 0$ và $a^2+b^2=2$. Ta có:

$f(a,b)=\sqrt{(a+b)^2}+ab=\sqrt{a^2+b^2+2ab}+ab=\sqrt{2+2ab}+ab\geq \sqrt{2}$ do $ab\geq 0$

Vậy $f_{\min}=\sqrt{2}$

Lại có, theo BĐT AM-GM:

$f(a,b)=\sqrt{2+2ab}+ab\leq \sqrt{2+a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\sqrt{2+2}+\frac{2}{2}=3$

Vậy $f_{\max}=3$

c) Đặt $\sqrt{8-x^2}=a$ thì bài toán trở thành tìm max, min của:

$f(x,a)=x+a+ax$ với $x,a\geq 0$ và $x^2+a^2=8$. Bài này chuyển về y hệt  như phần b. 

$f_{\min}=2\sqrt{2}$

$f_{\max}=8$

d) Tương tự:

$f_{\min}=2$ khi $x=\pm 2$

$f_{\max}=2+2\sqrt{2}$ khi $x=0$

Bài 3: \(A=\frac{\left(2a+b+c\right)\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(a+b+2c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

Đặt a+b=x;b+c=y;c+a=z

\(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{xy}.2\sqrt{yz}.2\sqrt{zx}}{xyz}=\frac{8xyz}{xyz}=8\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Bài 4: \(A=\frac{9x}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}=\frac{9x-18}{2-x}+\frac{18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\ge-9+\frac{\left(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{2-x+x}=-9+\frac{32}{2}=7\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi\(\frac{\sqrt{18}}{2-x}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{x}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0=>x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0=>x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+xy\ge5xy\\2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+xy\ge-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\ge5xy\\1\ge-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{3}\le xy\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Ta có:

P=\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4x^2y^2+2+\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\)

P= \(\dfrac{2\left(1-xy\right)^2}{4}-4\left(xy\right)^2+2+\left(\dfrac{1-xy}{2}+2xy\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2-2xy+1}{2}-4\left(xy\right)^2+2+\dfrac{3xy}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đặt t = xy => \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\le t\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Ta có : 

P= \(\dfrac{-7t^2}{2}+\dfrac{t}{2}+3=-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(t-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)^2+\dfrac{169}{56}\)

Ta có: \(-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{14}\le t-\dfrac{1}{14}\le\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{14}\)

<=>\(-\dfrac{17}{42}\le t-\dfrac{1}{14}\le\dfrac{9}{70}\)

=> 0\(\le\left(t-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)^2\le\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\)

\(\dfrac{169}{56}\ge P\ge\dfrac{169}{56}-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\)

Max P= \(\dfrac{169}{56}\) => t = 1/14 => \(xy=\dfrac{1}{14}\rightarrow x^2+y^2=\dfrac{13}{14}\) => x,y=...

Min P=\(\dfrac{169}{56}-\dfrac{7}{6}\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\) <=> \(t=xy=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

<=> x=-y=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) 

b, Ta có : \(0\le x\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow-2\le x-2\le-1< 0\)

Ta có : \(y=f\left(x\right)=2\left(m-1\right)x+\dfrac{m\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2-x\right)}\)

\(=2\left(m-1\right)x-m< 0\)

TH1 : \(m=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow m>0\)

TH2 : \(m\ne1\) \(\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{m}{2\left(m-1\right)}\)

Mà \(0\le x\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m}{2\left(m-1\right)}>1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m-2\left(m-1\right)}{2\left(m-1\right)}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2-m}{m-1}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1< m< 2\)

Kết hợp TH1 => m > 0

Vậy ...
 

\(x^2-2\left(m-1\right)x-m^3+\left(m+1\right)^2=0\)

Để pt có hai nghiệm thỏa mãn

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta\ge0\\x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\le4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\left(m-2\right)\left(m+2\right)\ge0\\m\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left(2;+\infty\right)\cup\left\{2\right\}\\m\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left[2;3\right]\)

\(P=x^3_1+x_2^3+x_1x_2\left(3x_1+3x_2+8\right)\)

\(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+3x_1x_1\left(x_1+x_2\right)+8x_1x_2\)

\(=8\left(m-1\right)^3+8\left(-m^3+m^2+2m+1\right)\)

\(=-16m^2+40m\)

Vẽ BBT với \(f\left(m\right)=-16m^2+40m\) ;\(m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left[2;3\right]\)

Tìm được \(f\left(m\right)_{min}=-144\Leftrightarrow m=-2\)

\(f\left(m\right)_{max}=16\Leftrightarrow m=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=16;P_{min}=-144\)

Vậy....

Lời giải:
\(x\in [-\sqrt{2}; \sqrt{2}]\Rightarrow x^2\leq 2\Rightarrow \sqrt{x^2+1}\leq \sqrt{3}\)

\(y=\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}\geq \frac{x+1}{\sqrt{3}}\geq \frac{-\sqrt{2}+1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Vậy $y_{\min}=\frac{-\sqrt{2}+1}{\sqrt{3}}$ khi $x=-\sqrt{2}$

$y^2=\frac{x^2+2x+1}{x^2+1}=1+\frac{2x}{x^2+1}$

$y^2=2+\frac{2x-x^2-1}{x^2+1}=2-\frac{(x-1)^2}{x^2+1}\leq 2$

$\Rightarrow y\leq \sqrt{2}$

Vậy $y_{\max}=\sqrt{2}$ khi $x=1$