Khối lượng của hợp kim đó :

\(8,5:\dfrac{5}{8}=13,6\left(kg\right)\)

4.

\(sinx+2cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)+4sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)+cosx=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx+cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx+2\sqrt{3}sinx+2cosx+cosx=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)sinx+4cosx=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}sinx+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}cosx\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-arccos\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}\right)=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-arccos\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}=\pm arccos\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2arccos\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{20+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\\x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.

\(4sinx+cosx+2cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx+cosx+cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4-\sqrt{3}\right)sinx+2cosx=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{4-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}sinx+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}cosx\right)=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-arccos\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}\right)=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-arccos\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}=\pm arccos\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2arccos\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\\x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 40. \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{36,5}=1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

Theo đề: 0,5mol .....1mol

Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}< \dfrac{1}{1}\)=> Sau phản ứng NaOH hết, HCl dư

=> Thử môi trường sau phản ứng bằng quỳ sẽ có màu đỏ

Câu 41. 

Câu 42. \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.0,1=0,01\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,1.0,1=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+H_2O\)

Theo đề: 0,01................0,01

Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,01}{1}>\dfrac{0,01}{2}\) => Sau phản ứng Ba(OH)2 dư, HCl phản ứng hết

Vì Ba(OH)2 dư nên sau phản ứng dung dịch làm quỳ tím chuyển màu xanh

\(\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{4}{2}}=\dfrac{4}{\dfrac{x}{2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{8}{x}\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2=8\cdot2\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2=16\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2=4^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

\(H=2-\frac{3}{17}-\frac{5}{23}+\frac{2}{17}-\frac{1}{2023}-\frac{16}{17}-\frac{18}{23}\\ =2-(\frac{3}{17}-\frac{2}{17}+\frac{16}{17})-(\frac{5}{23}+\frac{18}{23})-\frac{1}{2023}\\ =2-1-1-\frac{1}{2023}=-\frac{1}{2023}\)

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\(K=\frac{7}{23}.\frac{-11}{17}+\frac{7}{23}.\frac{4}{17}-\frac{7}{23}.\frac{10}{17}\\ =\frac{7}{23}(\frac{-11}{17}+\frac{4}{17}-\frac{10}{17})\\ =\frac{7}{23}.\frac{-17}{17}=\frac{-7}{23}\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+S\underrightarrow{t^o}FeS\left(1\right)\\ LTL:0,2>0,1\Leftrightarrow Fe.dư\)

\(Theo.pt\left(1\right):n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=n_{FeS}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{FeS\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:FeS+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2S\uparrow\left(2\right)\\ Fe+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\left(3\right)\)

\(Theo.pt\left(2\right):n_{H_2S}=n_{FeS}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(3\right):n_{SO_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \%V_{H_2S}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1+0,1}=50\%\\ \%V_{SO_2}=100\%-50\%=50\%\)

\(Theo.pt\left(2\right):n_{H_2SO_4\left(2\right)}=n_{FeS}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(3\right):n_{H_2SO_4\left(3\right)}=2n_{Fe}=2.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)