2. There are so many billboards in our city. People can not enjoy the view

=> If there were not so many billboards in our city, people could enjoy the view

3. There is so much light in the city at night. We can not see the stars clearly

=> If there was not so much light in the city at night, we could see the stars clearly

4  We turn on the heater all the time. We have to pay three million dong for electricity a month

=>If we didn't turn on the heater all the time, we wouldn't have to pay three million dong for electricity a month

5.The karaoke bar makes so much noise almost every night. The residents complain to its owner

=> If the karaoke bar didn't make so much noise almost every night, the residents wouldn't complain to its owner

6 She has a headache after work every day. She works in a noisy office

=> If she didn't work in a noisy office, she wouldn't have a headache after work every day

2. If there weren't so many billboards in our city, people could enjoy the view.

3. If there wasn't so much light in the city at night, we could see the stars clearly.

4. If we didn't have to pay three million dong for electricity a month.

5. If the karaoke bar didn't make so much noise almost every night, the residents wouldn't complain to it's owner.

6. If she wouldn't have a headache after work every day if she didn't work in a noisy office.

1C:needed-would get

2A:didn't cost-would ask

3E:would be upset-closed

4B:could buy-shopped

5D:didn't have-would use

3. C. Read the sentences with the zero conditional and the first conditional. Underline the correct verb form. 

(Đọc các câu điều kiện loại 0 và điều kiện loại 1. Gạch chân dạng đúng của động từ.)

1. If you need some money, go / will go to the ATM.

2. Put on your coat if it rains / will rain.

3. If our friends come tonight, we have / ’ll have a party.

4. If you don’t pay me, I didn’t do / won’t do the work.

5. If you press / will press this button, the washing machine turns off.

6. We meet / ’ll meet you at the airport if we have time tomorrow.

7. I ask / ’ll ask my parents for the money if the bank doesn’t give me a loan.

em đang gấp ạ em còn 12 phút nữa thôi ạ

1. One of the reason I didn’t phone you was that I was very busy.

If I hadn't  been very busy, I would have phoned you.

2. Unfortunately, I didn’t have an umbrella and so I got wet in the rain.

 If I hadn't been wet, I would have an umbrella.

3. Peter was very nervous and failed the driving test.

-> If Peter hadn't been very nervous, he wouldn't failed the driving test.

4. I didn’t take a taxi because I didn’t have any money on me.

-> If I had money, I could take a taxi.

5. Jack failed the driving test, so his parents didn’t buy him a car.

If Jack hadn't failed the driving test, his parent might buy him a car.

6. The weather yesterday was cold, so we couldn’t go swimming in the sea.

If the weather hadn't been cold, we could go swimming in the sea.

7. My uncle didn’t tell me the way to his office, so I got lost.

If my uncle had told me the way to his office, I couldn't  got  lost.

8. She wasn’t at the airport yesterday because she didn’t read the message carefully.

If she had read the message carefully, she would at the airport. 

9. Lucy hurt her foot because she dropped the old box on it.

If  she hadn't dropped the old box, she wouldn't hurt her foot.

10. You cut yourself because you used a sharp knife.

If you hadn't used a sharp kinife, you wouldn't   cut  yourself.

11. Victory didn’t celebrate her birthday yesterday, so I didn’t bring her flowers.

If   Victory had celebrated her birthday, I might bring her flowers.

12. We didn’t take the train to London because it didn’t arrive on time.

If  it had arrived on time, we would take the train to London.

13. Max didn’t give you the USB flash drive because he left his schoolbag behind.

If  he hadn't left his schoolbag behind, Max could give you the USB flash drive.

14. She failed the exam last year because she didn’t study hard.

If  she had study hard, she wouldn't failed the exam.

15. She wasn’t a musician, so she didn’t record a CD.

If  she had recorded  a CD, she would a musician.

1. One of the reason I didn’t phone you was that I was very busy.

If I hadn't  been very busy, I would have phoned you.

2. Unfortunately, I didn’t have an umbrella and so I got wet in the rain.

 If I hadn't been wet, I would have an umbrella.

3. Peter was very nervous and failed the driving test.

-> If Peter hadn't been very nervous, he wouldn't failed the driving test.

4. I didn’t take a taxi because I didn’t have any money on me.

-> If I had money, I could take a taxi.

5. Jack failed the driving test, so his parents didn’t buy him a car.

If Jack hadn't failed the driving test, his parent might buy him a car.

6. The weather yesterday was cold, so we couldn’t go swimming in the sea.

If the weather hadn't been cold, we could go swimming in the sea.

7. My uncle didn’t tell me the way to his office, so I got lost.

If my uncle had told me the way to his office, I couldn't  got  lost.

8. She wasn’t at the airport yesterday because she didn’t read the message carefully.

If she had read the message carefully, she would at the airport. 

9. Lucy hurt her foot because she dropped the old box on it.

If  she hadn't dropped the old box, she wouldn't hurt her foot.

10. You cut yourself because you used a sharp knife.

If you hadn't used a sharp kinife, you wouldn't   cut  yourself.

11. Victory didn’t celebrate her birthday yesterday, so I didn’t bring her flowers.

If   Victory had celebrated her birthday, I might bring her flowers.

12. We didn’t take the train to London because it didn’t arrive on time.

If  it had arrived on time, we would take the train to London.

13. Max didn’t give you the USB flash drive because he left his schoolbag behind.

If  he hadn't left his schoolbag behind, Max could give you the USB flash drive.

14. She failed the exam last year because she didn’t study hard.

If  she had study hard, she wouldn't failed the exam.

15. She wasn’t a musician, so she didn’t record a CD.

If  she had recorded  a CD, she would a musician.

1. One of the reason I didn’t phone you was that I was very busy.

If I hadn't  been very busy, I would have phoned you.

2. Unfortunately, I didn’t have an umbrella and so I got wet in the rain.

 If I hadn't been wet, I would have an umbrella.

3. Peter was very nervous and failed the driving test.

-> If Peter hadn't been very nervous, he wouldn't failed the driving test.

4. I didn’t take a taxi because I didn’t have any money on me.

-> If I had money, I could take a taxi.

5. Jack failed the driving test, so his parents didn’t buy him a car.

If Jack hadn't failed the driving test, his parent might buy him a car.

6. The weather yesterday was cold, so we couldn’t go swimming in the sea.

If the weather hadn't been cold, we could go swimming in the sea.

7. My uncle didn’t tell me the way to his office, so I got lost.

If my uncle had told me the way to his office, I couldn't  got  lost.

8. She wasn’t at the airport yesterday because she didn’t read the message carefully.

If she had read the message carefully, she would at the airport. 

9. Lucy hurt her foot because she dropped the old box on it.

If  she hadn't dropped the old box, she wouldn't hurt her foot.

10. You cut yourself because you used a sharp knife.

If you hadn't used a sharp kinife, you wouldn't   cut  yourself.

11. Victory didn’t celebrate her birthday yesterday, so I didn’t bring her flowers.

If   Victory had celebrated her birthday, I might bring her flowers.

12. We didn’t take the train to London because it didn’t arrive on time.

If  it had arrived on time, we would take the train to London.

13. Max didn’t give you the USB flash drive because he left his schoolbag behind.

If  he hadn't left his schoolbag behind, Max could give you the USB flash drive.

14. She failed the exam last year because she didn’t study hard.

If  she had study hard, she wouldn't failed the exam.

15. She wasn’t a musician, so she didn’t record a CD.

If  she had recorded  a CD, she would a musician.

1. One of the reason I didn’t phone you was that I was very busy.

If I hadn't  been very busy, I would have phoned you.

2. Unfortunately, I didn’t have an umbrella and so I got wet in the rain.

 If I hadn't been wet, I would have an umbrella.

3. Peter was very nervous and failed the driving test.

-> If Peter hadn't been very nervous, he wouldn't failed the driving test.

4. I didn’t take a taxi because I didn’t have any money on me.

-> If I had money, I could take a taxi.

5. Jack failed the driving test, so his parents didn’t buy him a car.

If Jack hadn't failed the driving test, his parent might buy him a car.

6. The weather yesterday was cold, so we couldn’t go swimming in the sea.

If the weather hadn't been cold, we could go swimming in the sea.

7. My uncle didn’t tell me the way to his office, so I got lost.

If my uncle had told me the way to his office, I couldn't  got  lost.

8. She wasn’t at the airport yesterday because she didn’t read the message carefully.

If she had read the message carefully, she would at the airport. 

9. Lucy hurt her foot because she dropped the old box on it.

If  she hadn't dropped the old box, she wouldn't hurt her foot.

10. You cut yourself because you used a sharp knife.

If you hadn't used a sharp kinife, you wouldn't   cut  yourself.

11. Victory didn’t celebrate her birthday yesterday, so I didn’t bring her flowers.

If   Victory had celebrated her birthday, I might bring her flowers.

12. We didn’t take the train to London because it didn’t arrive on time.

If  it had arrived on time, we would take the train to London.

13. Max didn’t give you the USB flash drive because he left his schoolbag behind.

If  he hadn't left his schoolbag behind, Max could give you the USB flash drive.

14. She failed the exam last year because she didn’t study hard.

If  she had study hard, she wouldn't failed the exam.

15. She wasn’t a musician, so she didn’t record a CD.

If  she had recorded  a CD, she would a musician.

will/Will/Won't/will/will/will/won't/won't/Will /won't/won't

Điều giả sử có thể xảy ra và thực hiện được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Main clouse                       If clouse
S+ will / shall + V                If  + S + V 
can / should 
may / might 
Ex: We will be very happy if we pass the exam.
Chú ý:
- Mệnh đề If: V có thể chia ở các thì hiện tại khác.
- Mệnh đề chính: 
+ V có thể chia ở các thì tương lai
+ V chia ở hiện tại đơn khi diễn tả ý hiển nhiên 
Ex: If we heat ice, it melts
If we put the glass into boiling water, it crasks
Chú ý: câu điều kiện loại 1
- Rút gọn "if"
Should + S + V(infi).... + main clause.
Ex: If you happen to see Mary, given her my message
→→ Should you see Mary, given her my message
- Unless = If ... not.
Ex: If you don't do your homework, you'll get a bad mark.
→→ Unless you of do your homework, you'll a bad mark.
If you do nothing .... 
→→ Unless you do something ....

II- Câu điều kiện loại 2
- Điều giả sử không thể thực hiện được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai hoặc trái với thực tế hiện tại
Ex: If I were a bird, I would fly
S+⎧⎩⎨wouldcouldmight+V(infi),If+S+⎧⎩⎨Vedcould+VwereS+{wouldcouldmight+V(infi),If+S+{Vedcould+Vwere
- V ở mệnh đề if có thể chia ở quá khứ tiếp diễn.
 V ở mệnh đề if có thể chia ở quá khứ hoàn thành khi hành động ở mệnh đề if xảy ra, hoàn thành trước hành động ở mệnh đề sau (điều kiện hỗn hợp).
Ex: If I had eaten some sice, I couldn't be hungry now.
- Mệnh đề ở mệnh đề chính có thể chia ở dạng tiếp diễn.
Ex: If I were on holiday in Paris with David, I would be touring the Eiffel Tower now.

III- Câu điều kiện loại 3
- Điều giả sử trái với thực tế ở quá khứ, không thể thực hiện được, không thể thay đổi thực tế ở quá khứ.
S+⎧⎩⎨wouldcouldmight(not)+have+PII,If+S+had+PIIS+{wouldcouldmight(not)+have+PII,If+S+had+PII
Ex: If he hadn't driven carelessly, he wouldn't have had an accident.
Ex: If she had been waiting for him, he wouldn't have got angry.
- Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp: dạng would + V(infi)
Hành động ở mệnh đề chính: hiện tại
Hành động ở mệnh đề If: quá khứ.
Ex: If I had listened to her advice, I wouldn't feel sorry now
Note: rút gọn "If" (đảo ngữ) câu điều kiện loại 2 và 3
+ Điều kiện loại 2: bỏ if và đưa "Were + S (với tobe)"
                                                Were + S + to V (động từ thường)
Ex: If I were more hard - working, I would get good marks.
→→ Were I more hard - working, I would get good marks.
If she refused to come to your party, we would be very sad.
→→ were she to refuse to come to your party, we would be very sad.
+ Điều kiện loại 3: bỏ If đưa had (hadn't) lên trước S
Ex: Had I listened to her advice, I wouldn't feel sorry now.

Question I.Combine each pair of sentences to make a conditional sentence type 1.

(Kết hợp mỗi cặp câu sau để tạo thành câu điều kiện loại 1) 

1. The land is polluted. The famers are unable to grow crops.

If………the land isn't polluted, the farmers won't be unable to grow crops…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. There is visual pollution. People build too many telephone poles and overhead power lines.

If……people don't build too many telephone poles and overhead power lines, there won't be visual pollution…………………………………………….

3. People use contaminated water for cooking. Their health is badly affected.

If………people don't use contaminated water for cooking, their health won't be badly affected………………………………………

4. We place dustbins in many places. People don’t throw rubbish everywhere.

If……we place dustbins in many places, people won't throw rubbish everywhere……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. The industrial waste is well- treated. The factory installs a new filtration system.

If…… the factory don't install a new filtration system, the industrial waste will be well-treated………………………………

Question I.Combine each pair of sentences to make a conditional sentence type 1.

(Kết hợp mỗi cặp câu sau để tạo thành câu điều kiện loại 1) 

1. The land is polluted. The famers are unable to grow crops.

=>If the soil is polluted, farmers will not be able to grow crops.

2. There is visual pollution. People build too many telephone poles and overhead power lines.

=>If people erect too many telephone poles and overhead power lines, it will cause visual pollution

3. People use contaminated water for cooking. Their health is badly affected.

=>if people use contaminated water for cooking, their health will be bad affected

4. We place dustbins in many places. People don’t throw rubbish everywhere.

=>If we put trash cans in many places, people won't throw garbage everywhere.

5. The industrial waste is well- treated. The factory installs a new filtration system.

=>if the factory installs a new filtration system, industrial waste will be treated well.

The second conditional sentences: (Câu điều kiện loại hai:)

- “I would go over budget if I traveled by plane.”

(Tôi sẽ vượt quá ngân sách nếu tôi đi bằng máy bay.)

- “I would also ride a motorbike if I had time.”

(Tôi cũng sẽ đi xe máy nếu có thời gian.)

- “If I weren't busy, I would go with you.”

(Nếu tôi không bận, tôi sẽ đi với bạn.)