Lời giải:
a+1\vdots b$

$\Rightarrow 2b+5+1\vdots b$

$\Rightarrow 2b+6\vdots b$

$\Rightarrow 6\vdots b\Rightarrow b\in \left\{1; 2; 3; 6\right\}$

Nếu $b=1$ thì $a=7$. Khi đó $a+7b=14$ không là snt (loại) 

Nếu $b=2$ thì $a=9$. Khi đó $a+7b = 23$ là snt (thỏa mãn) 

Nếu $b=3$ thì $a=11$. Khi đó $a+7b=32$ không là snt (loại) 

Nếu $b=6$ thì $a=17$. Khi đó $a+7b = 59$ là snt (thỏa mãn) 

Vậy.........

Đáp án đúng : A

\(2a=3b\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}\\ 5b=7c\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{7}=\dfrac{c}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}=\dfrac{3a}{63}=\dfrac{7b}{98}=\dfrac{5c}{50}=\dfrac{3a-7b+5c}{63-98+50}=\dfrac{-30}{15}=-2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-42\\b=-28\\c=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x:y:z=3:4:5\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\Rightarrow x=3k;y=4k;z=5k\)

\(2x^2+2y^2-3z^2=-100\\ \Rightarrow18k^2+32k^2-75k^2=-100\\ \Rightarrow-25k^2=-100\Rightarrow k^2=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}k=2\\k=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6;y=8;z=10\\x=-6;y=-8;z=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(2a=3b\text{⇒}a=\dfrac{3b}{2}\) , \(5b=7c\text{⇒}c=\dfrac{5c}{7}\) 

\(3a-7b+5c\) \(=-30\) 

⇔ \(3.\dfrac{3b}{2}-7b+5.\dfrac{5b}{7}=-30\)  

⇔\(63b-98b+50b=-420\) 

⇔\(b=-28\) ⇒\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-42\\c=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)