\(m_{H_2SO_4}=C\%m_{dd}:100=9,8.200:100=19,6g\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.9,8\%=9,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄ + H₂O

Mol:      0,05      0,05          0,05

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H₂SO₄ dư

\(C\%_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,05.160.100\%}{4+100}=7,69\%\)

\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,1-0,05\right).98.100\%}{4+100}=4,71\%\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{100}=9,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O|\)

         1            1                1             1

       0,05       0,1             0,05

Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\)

               ⇒ CuO phản ừng hết , H₂SO₄ dư

               ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của CuO

\(n_{CuSO4}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{CuSO4}=0,05.160=8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=4+100=104\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{CuSO4}=\dfrac{8.100}{104}=7,69\)⁰/₀

\(C_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{4,9.100}{104}=4,71\)⁰/₀

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_{Không viết phương trình nhá !!}

a) Gọi a và b lần lượt là số mol của Mg và Al

\(\Rightarrow24a+27b=1,035\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=2\cdot0,0525\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\\b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,015\cdot24}{1,035}\cdot100\%\approx34,78\%\\\%m_{Al}=65,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(p/ứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0475\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0475\cdot98=4,655\left(g\right)\)

c) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{oxit}=0,0125\cdot102+0,015\cdot40=1,875\left(g\right)\)

a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_A=1,035\left(g\right)\rightarrow24a+27b=1,035\) (1)

\(Mg+2H_2SO_4đ\rightarrow MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

a ------------ 2a ----------------------- a (mol) 

\(2Al+6H_2SO_4đ\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)

b ------------ 3b -------------------------- 1,5b (mol)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\rightarrow a+1,5b=0,0525\) (2) 

Giải hệ (1)(2) \(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\\b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,015.24=0,36\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,025.27=0,675\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=34,78\%\\\%m_{Al}=65,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Sigma_{n_{H_2SO_4}}=2a+3b=0,105\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,105.98=10,29\left(g\right)\)

c. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,015\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=0,015.40+0,0125.102=1,875\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100\cdot9,8\%}{100\%}=9,8g\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1mol\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525mol\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow24x+27y=1,305\left(1\right)\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-0,0825\\y=0,122\end{matrix}\right.\)

Số âm=???

\(M+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MSO_4+H_2\uparrow\\ n_{ASO_4}=n_A=n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\ 1.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98a.100}{20}=490a\left(g\right)\\ 2.m_{ddsau}=M_M.a+490a-2a=\left(M_M+488\right).a\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddsau}=22,64\%\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(M_M+96\right)a}{\left(M_M+488\right)a}.100\%=22,64\%\\ \Leftrightarrow M_M=18,72\left(loại\right)\)

Khả năng cao sai đề nhưng làm tốt a,b nha

a, \(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(c,C\%=\dfrac{6}{200}.100\%=3\%\)

\(m_{NaCl}=\dfrac{200.8}{100}=16\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{K2O}=\dfrac{23,5}{94}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH|\)

         1         1               2

        0,25                     0,5

a) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,25.2}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

500ml = 0,5l

\(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)

b) Pt : \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O|\)

                 2             1              1               2

               0,5           0,25

\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{24,5.100}{200}=12,25\)⁰/₀

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