2. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box 

natural     nuclear     solar   hydro   wind      oil       biogas       coal 

1 . __________ enery comes from the heat of the Sun . 

2 . __________ can be produced by dead plants and animals as they decay .

3 . __________ is often found in the ground , consisting mainly of methane .

4 . __________ enery is enery that comes from the force of moving water

5 . __________ is flammable black hard rock , used as a fossil fuel . 

6 . __________ commonly known as petroleum , is the largest sourceof energy in the US . 

7 . To produce _________ energy , atoms are split apart , which releases energy .

8 . __________ energy is produced from moving air with the help of large turbines

Find one mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it. 

help me again

VI. Read the passage and choose the correct answers. 

Fossil fuel such as coal, oil and gas has been the world’s main energy source for the past few centuries. Humans began using fossil fuel in the 18th century during the industrial revolution. Its popularity increased in the mid1900s and became our primary source of energy. Nowadays fossil fuel accounts for more than 80% of the world’s energy consumption. However, fossil fuel is running out not only because it’s a non-renewable source of energy but also because of human population growth. Scientists believe that at current rate we will only have enough fossil energy to use until 2088. Many developed countries in the meantime have been investing in scientific programs trying to find the best replacement for fossil fuel. 

1)1. What does the writer call fossil fuel in the passage?

A. Primary source of energy and non-renewable source of energy. 

B. Primary source of energy, non-renewable source of energy and fossil energy.

C. Fossil energy and non-renewable source of energy.

D. None are correct.

2)How much fossil fuel do people in the world consume today? 

A. All of fossil fuel in the world. 

B. 80% of fossil fuel in the world.

C. 4/5 of the world’s energy consumption.

D. ½ the world’s energy consumption. 

3. Why does fossil fuel run out?

A. Because it cannot be renewed.

B. Because more and more people use it and it cannot be renewed.

C. Because more and more people use it.

D. Because some scientists said so

4)What are many developed countries doing to solve the problem?

A. They are searching for new source of energy.

B. They are predicting the amount of fossil fuels.

C. They are studying some ways to renew fossil fuels.

D. They are advising people not to use fossil fuels.

5)5. Which of the following is NOT discussed in the passage?

A. Fossil energy has been mainly used since 18th century.

B. Fossil energy became popular in the mid-1900s.

C. Fossil fuel is believed to run out by 2088.

D. Fossil fuel can be replaced by another non-renewable source of energy.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself). As more power plants were constructed throughout the country, the reliance on coal increased. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year. In 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 33 percent of the nearly 900 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century.

Yet, in spite of the fact that coal has long been a source of electricity and may remain one for many years (coal represents about 80 percent of United States fossil-fuel reserves), it has actually never been the most desirable fossil fuel for power plants. Coal contains less energy per unit of weight than natural gas or oil; it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain. Since the late 1960's problems of emission control and waste disposal have sharply reduced the appeal of coal-fired power plants. The cost of ameliorating these environmental problems, along with the rising cost of building a facility as large and complex as a coal-fired power plant, has also made such plants less attractive from a purely economic perspective.

Changes in the technological base of coal fired power plants could restore their attractiveness, however. Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants, completely new technologies for burning coal cleanly are also being developed

According to the passage, which of the following is one of the goals of the new technology in coal-fired plants?

A. To adapt the plants to other kinds of fuel

B. To reduce the cost of building more plants

C. To lengthen the lives of plants already in use

D. To make the plants already in use more productive

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself). As more power plants were constructed throughout the country, the reliance on coal increased. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year. In 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 33 percent of the nearly 900 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century.

Yet, in spite of the fact that coal has long been a source of electricity and may remain one for many years (coal represents about 80 percent of United States fossil-fuel reserves), it has actually never been the most desirable fossil fuel for power plants. Coal contains less energy per unit of weight than natural gas or oil; it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain. Since the late 1960's problems of emission control and waste disposal have sharply reduced the appeal of coal-fired power plants. The cost of ameliorating these environmental problems, along with the rising cost of building a facility as large and complex as a coal-fired power plant, has also made such plants less attractive from a purely economic perspective.

Changes in the technological base of coal fired power plants could restore their attractiveness, however. Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants, completely new technologies for burning coal cleanly are also being developed

In the author's opinion, the importance of coal-generated electricity could increase in the future for which of the following reasons? 

A. The possible substitutes are too dangerous.

B. The cost of changing to other fuels is too great.

C. The future availability of other fuels is uncertain.

D. Other fuels present too many environmental problems.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself). As more power plants were constructed throughout the country, the reliance on coal increased. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year. In 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 33 percent of the nearly 900 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century.

Yet, in spite of the fact that coal has long been a source of electricity and may remain one for many years (coal represents about 80 percent of United States fossil-fuel reserves), it has actually never been the most desirable fossil fuel for power plants. Coal contains less energy per unit of weight than natural gas or oil; it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain. Since the late 1960's problems of emission control and waste disposal have sharply reduced the appeal of coal-fired power plants. The cost of ameliorating these environmental problems, along with the rising cost of building a facility as large and complex as a coal-fired power plant, has also made such plants less attractive from a purely economic perspective.

Changes in the technological base of coal fired power plants could restore their attractiveness, however. Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants, completely new technologies for burning coal cleanly are also being developed

It can be inferred from the passage that coal became the principal source of electricity in the United States, because it _______.

A. required no complicated machinery

B. was comparatively plentiful and  inexpensive

C. was easy to transport

D. burned efficiently

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself). As more power plants were constructed throughout the country, the reliance on coal increased. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year. In 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 33 percent of the nearly 900 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century.

Yet, in spite of the fact that coal has long been a source of electricity and may remain one for many years (coal represents about 80 percent of United States fossil-fuel reserves), it has actually never been the most desirable fossil fuel for power plants. Coal contains less energy per unit of weight than natural gas or oil; it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain. Since the late 1960's problems of emission control and waste disposal have sharply reduced the appeal of coal-fired power plants. The cost of ameliorating these environmental problems, along with the rising cost of building a facility as large and complex as a coal-fired power plant, has also made such plants less attractive from a purely economic perspective.

Changes in the technological base of coal fired power plants could restore their attractiveness, however. Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants, completely new technologies for burning coal cleanly are also being developed

Acid rain is mentioned in the passage for which of the following reasons?

A. It reduces the efficiency of coal-fired plants

B. It increases the difficulty of transporting coal

C. It is an environmental problem associated with coal use

D. It contains less energy per unit of weight than coal does