Cho biết : \(x+y+z=1\)( x, y, z là số dương)
Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{y}{y+1}+\dfrac{z}{z+1}\text{≤}\dfrac{3}{4}\)
cho 3 số dương x,y,z thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{y}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{z}\)=4. Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)≤1
Bổ đề:\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Ta có:\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:\(\dfrac{1}{2y+z+x}\le\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2z+x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z+x}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left[4\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\right]=\dfrac{1}{16}.4.4=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ \(x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
cho 3 số dương x,y,z thỏa mãn x+y+z=3.
chứng minh: \(\dfrac{x}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{y}{1+z^2}+\dfrac{z}{1+x^2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Cho $x, y, z$ là các số thực dương thỏa mãn điều kiện $x+y+z=1$. Chứng minh rằng:
$\dfrac{y z}{x^{2}+x y z}+\dfrac{z x}{y^{2}+x y z}+\dfrac{x y}{z^{2}+x y z} \geq \dfrac{1}{4 x}+\dfrac{1}{4 y}+\frac{1}{4 z}$
Cho các số dương x,y,z và \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\).Chứng minh rằng:\(\dfrac{x^3}{y+2z}+\dfrac{y^3}{z+2x}+\dfrac{z^3}{x+2y}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{x^3}{y+2z}+\dfrac{y^3}{z+2x}+\dfrac{z^3}{x+2y}=\dfrac{x^4}{xy+2xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{xz+2yz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Cho x, y, z thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{3^x}+\dfrac{1}{3^y}+\dfrac{1}{3^z}=1\). Chứng minh rằng:
\(\dfrac{9^x}{3^x+3^{y+z}}+\dfrac{9^y}{3^y+3^{z+x}}+\dfrac{9^z}{3^z+3^{x+y}}\ge\dfrac{3^x+3^y+3^z}{4}\)
\(\left(3^x;3^y;3^z\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a;b;c>0\\ab+bc+ca=abc\end{matrix}\right.\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a+bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+ab}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+abc}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+abc}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+abc}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^3}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
Áp dụng AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}\ge\dfrac{3a}{4}\)
Làm tương tự với 2 số hạng còn lại, cộng vế với vế rồi rút gọn, ta sẽ có đpcm
Cho x, y, z là các số dương. Chứng minh :
\(\left(xyz+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge x+y+z+6\)
\(VT=\left(xyz+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\)
\(=yz+xz+xy+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\)
\(=\left(yz+xz+xy\right)+\left(\dfrac{x^2}{xz}+\dfrac{z^2}{yz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(yz+xz+xy\right)+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(xz+yz+xy\right)}+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
(bđt Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel)
\(\ge2\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
(bđt AM - GM)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)+6\sqrt[6]{x\times y\times z\times\dfrac{1}{x}\times\dfrac{1}{y}\times\dfrac{1}{z}}\)
\(=x+y+z+6=VP\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)
cho x,y,z là các số thực dương thỏa mãn \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
chứng minh \(\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\ge\dfrac{1}{30}\)
đặt\(A=\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(=>A=\dfrac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
BBDT AM-GM
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
theo BDT AM -GM ta chứng minh được \(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
vì \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)< =>xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{10}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=z=1/3
CHO X,Y,Z LÀ 3 số dương thoả mãn\(\dfrac{1}{x}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{y}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{z}\)=2016
tìm GTLN của P=\(\dfrac{x+y}{x^2+y^2}\)+\(\dfrac{y+z}{y^2+z^2}\)+\(\dfrac{z+x}{z^2+x^2}\)
* Có BĐT : \(\dfrac{4}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\) với $x,y>0$ ( Chứng minh bằng xét hiệu )
Ta có BĐT : \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{x^2+y^2}\le\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{2}{x+y}\)
Chứng minh tương tự khi đó :
\(P\le\dfrac{2}{x+y}+\dfrac{2}{y+z}+\dfrac{2}{z+x}\)
\(\Rightarrow2P\le\dfrac{4}{x+y}+\dfrac{4}{y+z}+\dfrac{4}{z+x}\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}=2.\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=4032\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2016\)
Cho x,y,z là các số dương thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=4\). Tìm Max \(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(maxF=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)