CHỨNG TỎ RẰNG :
\(\dfrac{1}{31}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{32}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{33}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{35}\)+.....+\(\dfrac{1}{148}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{149}\)\(\dfrac{1}{150}\)<\(\dfrac{13}{6}\)
Cho S = \(\dfrac{1}{31}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{32}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{33}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{60}\). Chứng minh rằng: S < \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)
Ta có S = \(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}=\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)⇒ S < \(\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot10+\dfrac{1}{40}\cdot10+\dfrac{1}{50}\cdot10=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{47}{60}< \dfrac{48}{60}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
Vậy S < \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)
Cho \(S=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\) .
Chứng minh rằng \(3< 5S< 4\)
\(S=\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}< \dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{30}+...+\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{1}{3}\\\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}< \dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}< \dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{47}{60}< \dfrac{48}{60}=\dfrac{4}{5}\Leftrightarrow5S< 4^{\left(1\right)}\)
Lại có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}>\dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}>\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}>\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{37}{60}>\dfrac{36}{60}=\dfrac{3}{5}\Leftrightarrow5S>3^{\left(2\right)}\)
từ (1) và (2) => 3<5S<4
Chứng minh :
\(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+..+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\\B=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(B=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}-\dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{30}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=A\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\) (Đpcm)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+......+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\)
= \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+......+\dfrac{1}{59}-\dfrac{1}{60}\)
= \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+....+\dfrac{1}{59}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{6}+....+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
- \(2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{6}+....+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
= \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+....+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\) - \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+....+\dfrac{1}{30}\right)\)
=\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+....+\dfrac{1}{30}\right)\)+ \(\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+....+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
- \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+....+\dfrac{1}{30}\right)\)
= \(\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+....+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
Vậy\(\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+....+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)= \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\)
BT5 : Chứng minh
2) \(\dfrac{3}{5}< \dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+....+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}< \dfrac{4}{5}\)
Giải:
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
Nhận xét:
\(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}< \dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{30}+...+\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}< \dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}< \dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{47}{60}< \dfrac{48}{60}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{4}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có:
\(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}>\dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}>\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}>\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{37}{60}>\dfrac{36}{60}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{3}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{5}< A< \dfrac{4}{5}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{3}{5}< \dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}< \dfrac{4}{5}\) (Đpcm)
Đặt A=131+132+133+...+159+160A=131+132+133+...+159+160
Ta có:
A=131+132+133+...+159+160A=131+132+133+...+159+160
⇒A=(131+132+...+140)+(141+142+...+150)+(151+152+...+160)⇒A=(131+132+...+140)+(141+142+...+150)+(151+152+...+160)
Nhận xét:
131+132+...+140<130+130+...+130=13131+132+...+140<130+130+...+130=13
141+142+...+150<140+140+...+140=14141+142+...+150<140+140+...+140=14
151+152+...+160<150+150+...+150=15151+152+...+160<150+150+...+150=15
⇒A<13+14+15=4760<4860=45⇒A<13+14+15=4760<4860=45
⇒A<45(1)⇒A<45(1)
Lại có:
131+132+...+140>140+140+...+140=14131+132+...+140>140+140+...+140=14
141+142+...+150>150+150+...+150=15141+142+...+150>150+150+...+150=15
151+152+...+160>160+160+...+160=16151+152+...+160>160+160+...+160=16
⇒A>14+15+16=3760>3660=35⇒A>14+15+16=3760>3660=35
⇒A>35(2)⇒A>35(2)
Từ (1)(1) và (2)(2)
⇒35<A<45⇒35<A<45
Vậy 35<131+132+133+...+159+160<4535<131+132+133+...+159+160<45
Chứng tỏ rằng : \(\dfrac{31}{2}\) . \(\dfrac{32}{2}\) . \(\dfrac{33}{2}\) . .... . \(\dfrac{60}{2}\) = 1 . 3 . 5.... 59
Ta có:\(\dfrac{31}{2}\).\(\dfrac{32}{2}\).\(\dfrac{33}{2}\).....\(\dfrac{60}{2}\)
=\(\dfrac{31.32.33.....60}{2^{30}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(1.2.3.....30\right).\left(31.32.33.....60\right)}{\left(1.2.3.....30\right).2^{30}}\)
=\(\dfrac{1.2.3.....60}{2.4.6.....60}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(1.3.5.....59\right).\left(2.4.6.....60\right)}{2.4.6.....60}\)
=1.3.5.....59
Vậy (đpcm)
Chứng minh rằng :
\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{35}+\dfrac{1}{37}+\dfrac{1}{47}+\dfrac{1}{53}+\dfrac{1}{61}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{47}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{61}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{47}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{61}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{37}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{47}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{61}\right)\)
Nhận xét:
\(\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{37}< \frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}\)
\(\frac{1}{47}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{61}< \frac{1}{45}+\frac{1}{45}+\frac{1}{45}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{45}+\frac{1}{45}+\frac{1}{45}\right)\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{45}+\frac{1}{45}+\frac{1}{45}\right)=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{15}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{47}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{61}< \frac{1}{2}\) (Đpcm)
Điền dấu < ; > ; =
3\(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{8}{3}...........\dfrac{17}{5}-2\dfrac{12}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+....+\dfrac{1}{89}+\dfrac{1}{90}\) ..... \(\dfrac{5}{6}\)
tính các tổng sau bằng cách hợp lí
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{2021.2022}\)
\(B=\dfrac{4}{3.7}+\dfrac{4}{7.11}+\dfrac{4}{11.15}+......+\dfrac{4}{107.111}\)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+.....+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021.2022}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2022}=\dfrac{2021}{2022}\)
\(B=\dfrac{4}{3.7}+\dfrac{4}{7.11}+\dfrac{4}{11.15}+...+\dfrac{4}{107.111}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{11}-\dfrac{1}{15}+...+\dfrac{1}{107}-\dfrac{1}{111}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{111}=\dfrac{12}{37}\)
So sánh: A=\(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}\)với 0,9
bn dựa vào câu trả lời của Quách Thùy Dung trong câu hỏi của The Dack Knight mà làm
Câu hỏi của The Dark Knight - Toán lớp 6 | Học trực tuyến