a, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{3,1}{62}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Na₂O + H₂O → 2NaOH

Mol:      0,05                     0,1

 ⇒ ddA (NaOH) làm quỳ tím đổi màu xanh

b, \(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\)

c, \(m_{ddA}=3,1+1.500=503,1\left(g\right)\)

d, \(C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.40.100\%}{503,1}=1,59\%\)

a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{200}{18}=\dfrac{100}{9}\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{\dfrac{100}{9}}{2}\), ta được H₂O dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 2,3 + 100 - 0,05.2 = 102,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{102,2}.100\%\approx3,91\%\)

c, - Dung dịch làm quỳ tím hóa xanh.

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ 2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ddNaOH}=m_{Na}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=2,3+200-0,05.2=202,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{40.0,1}{202,2}.100\approx1,978\%\\ c,NaOH-Tính.bazo\Rightarrow Quỳ.tím.hoá.xanh\)

\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

0,3                                       0,15 

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)

0,1                                    0,05 

\(n_K=\dfrac{3,9}{39}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

Dung dịch sau p/u biến đổi quỳ tím thành màu xanh vì dd có tính bazo

a) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O ---> 2NaOH + H₂ => ddA là NaOH

            0,2----------------->0,2------>0,1

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

c) \(C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)

\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)

a) Chất tạo thành làm quỳ hóa xanh

b) \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaO}=\dfrac{13}{112}\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=6,5+500.1=506,5\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C\%_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{13}{112}.74}{506,5}.100=1,7\%\)

\(n_{CaO}=\frac{6,5}{56}=\frac{13}{112}(mol)\\ CaO+H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2\\ a/ \\ \text{Chất tạo thành làm quỳ hoá xanh, đó là: }Ca(OH)_2\\ b/\\ n_{Ca(OH)_2}=n_{CaO}=\frac{13}{112}(mol)\\ C\%_{Ca(OH)_2}=\frac{\frac{13}{112}.74\\}{6,5+500.1}.100\%=1,7\%\)

\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2\cdot0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên sau p/ứ Zn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15\cdot65=9,75\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=13-9,75=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

a) \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\left(2\right)\)

b) \(n_{Na}=\frac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH (1): \(n_{Na}:n_{H_2}=2:1\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=n_{Na}.\frac{1}{2}=0,2.\frac{1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_K=\frac{3,9}{39}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH (2): \(n_K:n_{H_2}=2:1\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_K.\frac{1}{2}=0,1.\frac{1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{h^2}=2,24+1,12=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c) Dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng làm giấy quỳ tím chuyển đổi thành màu xanh vì nó là dung dịch bazơ.