Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KClO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{KMnO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

n_O = 3a + 4b (mol)

n_K = a + b (mol)

n_Cl = a (mol)

n_Mn = b (mol)

Do số nguyên tử O chiếm 5/8 số nguyên tử trong A

=> \(n_O=\dfrac{5}{8}\left(n_O+n_K+n_{Cl}+n_{Mn}\right)\)

=> \(3n_O=5.n_K+5.n_{Cl}+5.n_{Mn}\)

=> 3(3a + 4b) = 5(a + b) + 5a + 5b

=> a - 2b = 0 (1)

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

                a----------------->1,5a 

             2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

                 b-------------------------------->0,5b

=> \(1,5a+0,5b=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\) (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,4; b = 0,2

m = 0,4.122,5 + 0,2.158 = 80,6 (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,4.122,5}{80,6}.100\%=60,8\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.158}{80,6}.100\%=39,2\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,728}{27}=0,064\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

____0,064->0,048

=> m_O2 = 0,048.32 = 1,536 (g)

\(m_B=\dfrac{0,894.100}{8,127}=11\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL: m_A = m_B + m_O2

=> m_A = 11 + 1,536 = 12,536 (g)

$n_{Kali} = \dfrac{21,65.36,03\%}{39} = 0,2(mol)$

Gọi $n_{KMnO_4} = a ; n_{KClO_3} = b$
$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
$2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$

Bảo toàn Kali : $a + b = 0,2$

$n_{O_2} = 0,5a + 1,5b(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : $158a + 122,5b = 21,65 + (0,5a + 1,5b).32$

Suy ra:  a = b = 0,1

$n_{O_2} = 0,5a + 1,5b = 0,2(mol)$
$V_{O_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$

a) 

\(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\) (1)

\(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\) (2)

\(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,894}{74,5}=0,012\left(mol\right);m_B=\dfrac{0,894}{8,132\%}=11\left(g\right)\)

Gọi \(n_{O_2\left(sinh.ra\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{kk}=3a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{N_2}=3a.80\%=2,4a\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=a+\left(3a-2,4a\right)=1,6a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_C=\dfrac{0,528}{12}=0,044\left(mol\right)\)

\(C+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2\) (3)

Vì hỗn hợp D gồm 3 khí và O₂ chiếm 17,083%

\(\Rightarrow D:CO_2,O_{2\left(d\text{ư}\right)},N_2\)

BTNT C: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0,044\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT O: \(n_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=n_{O_2\left(b\text{đ}\right)}-n_{CO_2}=1,6a-0,044\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%V_{O_2}=\%n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6a-0,044}{1,6a-0,044+0,044+2,4a}.100\%=17,083\%\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=0,048\left(mol\right)\left(TM\right)\)

ĐLBTKL: \(m_A=m_B+m_{O_2}=11+0,048.32=12,536\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT (2): \(n_{KClO_3}=n_{KCl}=0,012\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,012.122,5}{12,536}.100\%=11,63\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=100\%-11,63\%=88,37\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo PT (2): \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=2.\left(0,048-\dfrac{3}{2}.0,012\right)=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KMnO_4\left(b\text{đ}\right)}=\dfrac{12,536-0,012.122,5}{158}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,07-0,06=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{74,5}{74,5}+0,012=1,012\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{K_2MnO_4}=n_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{KMnO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 

\(2KMnO_4+10KCl+8H_2SO_4\rightarrow6K_2SO_4+2MnSO_4+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (4)

\(K_2MnO_4+4KCl+4H_2SO_4\rightarrow3K_2SO_4+MnSO_4+2Cl_2+4H_2O\) (5)

\(MnO_2+2KCl+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow MnSO_4+K_2SO_4+Cl_2+2H_2O\) (6)

\(2KCl+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2SO_4+2HCl\) (7)

Theo PT (4), (5), (6): \(n_{KCl\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=5n_{KMnO_4\left(d\text{ư}\right)}+4n_{K_2MnO_4}+2n_{MnO_2}=0,23\left(mol\right)< 1,012\left(mol\right)=n_{KCl\left(b\text{đ}\right)}\)

`=> KCl` dư

Theo PT (4), (5), (6): \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{KCl\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=0,115\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kh\text{í}}=V_{Cl_2}=0,115.22,4=2,576\left(l\right)\)

Đáp án B

Từ m_KCl = 0,894g => m_Y = 10,994g

Đặt n_{O2 tạo ra} = x => n_kk = 3x có n_O2 = 0,75x và n_N2 = 2,25x (mol)

, n_CO2 = n_C = 0,044 mol => n_{O2 dư} = (x + 0,75x) – 0,044 (mol)

=> n_T = n_CO2.100/22,92 = n_{O2 dư} + n_N2 + n_CO2

=> 1,75x – 0,044 + 2,25x + 0,044 = 0,192

=> x = 0,048 mol

=> m = m_Y + m_{O2 tạo ra} = 12,53g

=>B

Viết tách ra em nhé !

Câu 8: