PART 3: READING 1. Fill in the blank with a word/ phrase in the box.

Traffic congestion in many cities around the world is severe. One possible solution to this problem is to impose heavy taxes on car drivers and use this money to make public transport better. This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of such a measure.

One of the first benefits of such a measure is that the heavy taxes would discourage car owners from using their cars because it would become very expensive to drive. This would mean that they would begin to make use of public transport instead, thus reducing traffic problems and pollution as well. Another benefit would be that much more use would be made of public transport if it was improved. It is often the case that public transport in cities is very poor. For example, we often see old buses and trains that people would rather not use. High taxes would generate enough money to make the necessary changes.

2. Read the passage and answer the questions. 

1. The device was made in response to the desire by a Select Committee to use railway signals on highways

2. The light was called semaphone

3. Because Knight's invention was not to last long. After only a month of use the device exploded and injured the police officer who was operating the light

4.  The arms where eight feet above ground

5. B

2. Read the passage and answer the questions.The first traffic control device appeared near the British House of Parliament at the intersection of George and Bridge Streets. The device was made in response to the desire by a Select Committee to use railway signals on highways. The device had lights and it used arms which extended outwards. It was operated manually by a police officer. The signal was 22 feet high and crowned with a gas light. The light was called semaphore and had arms that would extend horizontally that commanded drivers to "Stop" and then the arms would lower to a 45 degrees angle to tell drivers to proceed with "Caution". At night a red light would command "Stop" and a green light wouldmean use "Caution".The man behind this new and different invention was John Peake Knight a railroad engineer. The main reason for the traffic light was that there was an overflow of horse-drawn traffic over Westminster Bridge which forced thousands of pedestrians to walk next to the house of Parliament. But Knight's invention was not to last long. After only a month of use the device exploded and injured the police officer who was operating the light. In the first two decades of the 20th century semaphore traffic signals, like the one in London, were in use all over the United States with each state having its own design of the device. One good example was from Toledo, Ohio in 1908. The words "Stop" and "Go" were in white on a green background and the lights had red and green lenses illuminated by kerosene lamps for night travelers and the arms where eight feet above ground. Controlled by a traffic officer who would blow a whistle before changing the commands on this signal to help alert travelers of the change, the design was also used in Philadelphia and Detroit. The example in Ohio was the first time America tried to use a more visible form of traffic control that evolved the use of semaphore. The device that was used in Ohio was designed based on the use of railroad signals.

1. What was the main purpose of making the first traffic control device?

Because there was an overflow of horse-drawn traffic over Westminster Bridge

2. What was the light operated manually by a police officer called?

the semaphore

3. Why wasn't John Peake Knight's invention to last long?

Because after only a month of use the device exploded and injured the police officer who was operating the light

4. How tall were the arms of the traffic lights used in Ohio in 1908?

eight feet

5. The Westminster Bridge is in .

A. America B. England C. Brazil D. Canada

PART 3: READING

1. Fill in the blank with a word/ phrase in the box. Traffic congestion in many (1) cities around the world is severe. One possible solution to this (2)  problem is to impose heavy taxes on car drivers and use this money to make public transport better. One of the first benefits of such a measure is that the heavy taxes would (3) discourages car owners from using their cars because it would become very (4) expensive to drive. This would mean that they would begin to make use of public (5) transport instead, thus reducing traffic problems and (6) pollution as well. Another benefit would be that much more use would be made of public transport if it was improved. It is often the case that public transport in cities is very poor. For (7) example , we often see old buses and (8) trains that people would rather not use. High taxes would generate enough money to make the necessary changes.

Trains Discourager Transport Expensive Example Problem Citie Pollution ______________________________

Traffic congestion in many (1) ___cities_______ around the world is severe. One possible solution to this (2) ____problem______ is to impose heavy taxes on car drivers and use this money to make public transport better. One of the first benefits of such a measure is that the heavy taxes would (3) _____discourage_____ car owners from using their cars because it would become very (4) _____expensive_____ to drive. This would mean that they would begin to make use of public (5) ______transport____ instead, thus reducing traffic problems and (6) ____pollution______ as well. Another benefit would be that much more use would be made of public transport if it was improved. It is often the case that public transport in cities is very poor. For (7) _____example_____ , we often see old buses and (8) ____trains______ that people would rather not use. High taxes would generate enough money to make the necessary changes.

Bỉ Ngạn Xanh đề ???

 Rice is an object for (1)___ worshipping____in many temples of Vietnam. It is said to originate (2)_____ from __the Mother Goodness Worshipping, the most long-standing (3)____ belief_____in Vietnam. The word "Happiness” in ancient Vietnamese is the image of many rice plants and a square symbolizing a paddy field. Rice is not only (4)_____ happiness__, it really forms Vietnamese. Accordingly, many main dishes and snacks in Vietnam are (5)______ made ____from rice: boiled rice in daily meal, rice porridge, steamed rice, glutinous rice cake, well- known Banh chung and uncountable made-from-rice dishes from every (6_____ region___________in Vietnam.

1. places

2. convenient

3. public

4. spacious

5. hospitable

Bài nghe: 

Mai: How's life in the city. Tom?

Tom: It's quite convenient. There are places for entertainment like cinemas, theatres, and amusement parks. There are also good schools and universities.

Mai: Sounds great! I guess it is very convenient to get around in big cities.

Tom: Right. There are various means of public transport like buses, trains, and undergrounds.

Mai: So, l don't think you would like living here in the country

Tom: Why not? It's peaceful and spacious. I love nature, green fields, and orchards. I also like riding a bike to school like the children here co

Mai: Yes, things here are simple and lovely. The people in my village are kind and hospitable

Tom:  Yes I have noticed that, Mai. 

Tạm dịch: 

Mai: Cuộc sống ở thành phố thế nào, Tom?

Tom: Nó khá thuận tiện. Có nhiều nơi để giải trí như rạp chiếu phim, nhà hát và công viên giải trí. Ngoài ra còn có các trường học và trường đại học tốt nữa

Mai: Nghe hay đấy! Tớ đoán là rất thuận tiện để đi lại trong các thành phố lớn.

Tom: Đúng rồi. Có nhiều phương tiện giao thông công cộng như xe buýt, xe lửa và tàu điện ngầm.

Mai: Vậy nên tớ không nghĩ rằng cậu sẽ thích sống ở nông thôn.

Tom: Tại sao không? Ở đó thật yên bình và rộng rãi. Tớ yêu thiên nhiên, những cánh đồng xanh và những vườn cây ăn trái. Tớ cũng thích đi xe đạp đến trường, giống như những đứa trẻ ở đây.

Mai: Đúng vậy, mọi thứ ở đây rất đơn giản và đáng yêu. Người dân làng tôi rất tốt bụng và mến khách.

Tom: Ừ tớ cũng cảm thấy vậy Mai ạ.

49: however

50: Although

51: In spite of/ Despite

52: However

53: Although

49.however/nevertheless

50.Athough

51.In spite of/despite

52.however/nevertheless

53.Athough

1.road safety

2.traffic lights

3.roads

4.intersections

5.on foot

6.parking lot

7.pedestrian

8.means of transport

9.pavement

10.roundabout