\(2a+2b+2c=2ax+2by+2cz\Rightarrow a+b+c=ax+by+cz\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=ax+2a\Rightarrow a+b+c=a\left(x+2\right)\)

Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=b\left(y+2\right)\\a+b+c=c\left(z+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Để M xác định thì \(x+2;y+2;z+2\ne0\)

Do đó nếu \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) đúng với mọi x, y, z

\(\Rightarrow\) giá trị M không xác định

Nếu \(a+b+c\ne0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}\\y+2=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}\\z+2=\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{1}{y+2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{1}{z+2}=\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)

Dòng 5 gõ nhầm \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\b=0\\c=0\end{matrix}\right.\) mới đúng

Vì ax + by =2c

ax + cz =2b

by + cz = 2a

=>Ta có ax + by + cz =a+b+c

=> ax + 2a=a+b+c

và 2c + cz =a+b+c

và 2b+ by =a+b+c

=> \(x=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}\); \(y=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}\);\(z=\dfrac{b+a-c}{c}\)

=> \(x+2=\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}\); \(y+2=\dfrac{a+c+b}{b}\);\(z+2=\dfrac{b+a+c}{c}\)

=>\(M=\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{y+2}+\dfrac{1}{z+2}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)

Ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=by+cz\\y=ax+cz\\z=ax+by\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=2\left(ax+by+cz\right)\)

Thay \(x=by+cz\) vào biểu thức ta được:

\(x+y+z=2\left(ax+x\right)=2x\left(a+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+a}=\dfrac{2x}{2x\left(1+a\right)}=\dfrac{2x}{x+y+z}\)

CMTT và cộng theo vế suy ra A=2

1.

\(\dfrac{3a+b+2c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+3b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+2b+2c}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+2a+c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+2b}{2b}=\dfrac{a+b+c+b+c}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{2a+c}+1=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2b}+1=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{2a+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}\)

TH1: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(-c\right).\left(-a\right).\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)

TH2: \(a+b+c\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2a+c}=\dfrac{1}{2b}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+c=b+c\\2b=b+c\\\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=b\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow2a=b=c\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(a+2a\right)\left(2a+2a\right)\left(2a+a\right)}{a.2a.2a}=9\)

Bài 2 đề sai

Ở phân thức thứ 2 không thể là \(\dfrac{y+3x-x}{x}\)

Bài 2:

\(P=\dfrac{x+3y}{y}\cdot\dfrac{y+3z}{z}\cdot\dfrac{z+3x}{x}=\dfrac{\left(x+3y\right)\left(y+3z\right)\left(z+3x\right)}{xyz}\)

Với \(x+y+z=0\)

\(\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3y+x+y}{z}=\dfrac{y+3z+y+z}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x+x+z}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x+2y\right)}{z}=\dfrac{2\left(y+2z\right)}{x}=\dfrac{2\left(z+2x\right)}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(y-z\right)}{z}=\dfrac{2\left(z-x\right)}{x}=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y-2z}{z}=\dfrac{2z-2x}{x}=\dfrac{2x-2y}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{z}-2=\dfrac{2z}{x}-2=\dfrac{2x}{y}-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{z}=\dfrac{2z}{x}=\dfrac{2x}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{z}{x}=\dfrac{x}{y}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\left(\text{trái với GT}\right)\)

Với \(x+y+z\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+3z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+3x-y}{y}=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y-z=3z\\y+3z-x=3x\\z+3x-y=3y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y=4z\\y+3z=4x\\z+3x=4y\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{4x\cdot4y\cdot4z}{xyz}=64\)

Ta có: \(x+y+z=by+cz+ax+cz+ax+by=2\left(ax+by+cz\right)\)Thay \(z=ax+by\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=2\left(z+cz\right)=2z\left(1+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+c}=\dfrac{2z}{x+y+z}\)

Tương tự:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{1+a}=\dfrac{2x}{x+y+z}\\\dfrac{1}{1+b}=\dfrac{2y}{x+y+z}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{1}{1+b}+\dfrac{1}{1+c}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)Vậy A=2