\(a,m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.20,8\%}{100\%}=41,6g\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{208}=0,2mol\\ BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2mol\\ m_{\downarrow}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6g\\ b,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6g\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{200}\cdot100\%=9,8\%\)

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₂O₃ còn dư, tính theo axit 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot400=40\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot160\approx5,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{40}{16+200-5,3}\cdot100\%\approx18,98\%\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.20,8\%}{208}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{kt}=m_{BaSO_4}=233.0,2=46,6\left(g\right)\\ b,C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{200}.100\%=9,8\%\)

\(a.Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ b.n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\\ c.H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)

Bài 1:

a, Hiện tượng: Có khí mùi hắc thoát ra.

b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.24,5\%=24,5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{0,25.126}{200}.100\%=15,75\%\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _{dd sau pư} = 200 + 100 - 0,25.64 = 284 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.142}{284}.100\%=12,5\%\)

Bài 2:

a, Hiện tượng: Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng.

PT: \(BaCl_2+MgSO_4\rightarrow MgCl_2+BaSO_{4\downarrow}\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{BaCl_2}=200.20,8\%=41,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{208}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{12\%}=200\left(g\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 200 + 200 - 0,2.233 = 353,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{353,4}.100\%\approx5,38\%\)

nHCl=(200.14,6%)/100=0,8(mol)

nBa(OH)2=(17,1%.200)/100=0,2(mol)

PTHH: Ba(OH)2 +2 HCl -> BaCl2 + 2 H2O

Ta có: 0,8/2 > 0,2/1

=> HCl dư, Ba(OH)2 hết=> Tính theo nHCl

=> nBaCl2=nBa(OH)2=0,2(mol) => mBaCl2= 208.0,2= 41,6(g)

nHCl(dư)=0,8 - 0,2.2=0,4(mol) => mHCl(dư)=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)

mddsau= 200+200=400(g)

C%ddBaCl2=(41,6/400).100=10,4%

C%ddHCl(dư)= (14,6/400).100=3,65%

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