IV. Complete the questions using the right question words.
1. A: __________ is the class monitor?
B: Dan is.
2. A: _________ is the biggest house in this village?
B: The communal house (nha rong) is.
3. A: _________ do you think is the most interesting museum in Ha Noi?
B: The Museum of Ethnology.
4. A: __________ is more colourful, the Nung’s or the Hoa’s costume?
B: The Hoa’s, of course.
5. A: __________ is the waterwheel used for?
B: It is used to get water to the fields.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Nylon is a man-made fibre, the use of which has helped more people to have cheaper and more colourful clothes to wear.

A. natural

B. plastic

C. synthetic

D. artificial

Ex 3 : Complete the sentences with the words in the box :

boarding, ceremonies, communal, costume, culture, customs, display, diverse, ethnic, worship

1. The ... house is the biggest house in the village.

2. The Hoa’s ... is more colourful than the Nung’s.

3. Which ... group has a larger population, the Bru-Van Kieu or the Khmer?

4. Does the Yao have a rich ... of folk literature and art?

5. The Hmong people hold festivals and ... every year.

6. Like some other peoples, the Thai ... their ancestors.

7. Many ethnic minority students are studying at ... schools.

8. The peoples of Viet Nam are ... but very peaceful.

9. The ethnic minority peoples have their own ... and traditions.

10. The items on ... in the Museum of Ethnology are very interesting.

Reorder the words to make sentences.

1. Vietnam / Tay / second / The / largest / are / the / ethnic / in / group.

2. are / The / known / Nung / including / music the poetry / for / folk art / richness / traditions / their / of.

3. people / a / the / Dao / language / speak/ Hmong-Dao / of / language system.

4. not / as / The / Nung / costume/ is / colourful / of / the / as / that / of / ethnic / other / groups.

5. The / Ede / built / on / live / in / stilts / in / wooden / villages / longhouses / as / buon / known.

Reorder the words to make sentences.

1. Vietnam/ Tay/ second/ The/ largest/ are/ the/ ethnic/ in/ group.

2. are/ The/ known/ Nung/ including/ music and poetry/ for/ folk-art/ richness/ traditions/ their/ of.

3. people/ a/ The/ Dao/ language/ speak/ Hmong- Dao/ of/ language system.

4. not/ as / The / Nung/ costume/ is/ colourful/ of/ the/ as/ that/ of / ethnic/ other/ groups.

5. The/ Ede/ built/ on/ live/ in/ stilts/ in/ wooden/ villages/ longhouses/ as/ buon / known.

Reorder the words to make sentences.

1. Vietnam / Tay / second / The / largest / are / the / ethnic / in / group.

2. are / The / known / Nung / including / music and poetry / for / folk art / richness/ traditions / their / of.

3. people / a / The / Dao / language / speak / Hmong-Dao / of / language system.

4. not / as / The / Nung / costume / is / colourful / of / the / as / that / of / ethnic / other / groups.

5. The / Ede / built / on / live / in / stilts / in / wooden / villages / longhouses / as / buon / known

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

If we believe that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume with the choice of a particular form of garment for a particular use, then we can say that clothing depends primarily on such physical conditions as climate, health, and textile manufacture, whereas costume reflects social factors such as religious beliefs, aesthetics, personal status, and the wish to be distinguished from or to emulate our fellows.

The ancient Greeks and the Chinese believed that we first covered our bodies for some physical reasons such as protecting ourselves from the elements. Ethnologists and psychologists have invoked psychological reasons: modesty in the case of the ancients, and taboo, magical influence and the desire to please for the moderns.

In early history, costume must have fulfilled a function beyond that of simple utility, perhaps through some magical significance, investing primitive man with the attributes of other creatures. Ornaments identified the wearer with animals, gods, heroes or other men. This identification remains symbolic in more sophisticated societies. We should bear in mind that the theater has its distant origins in sacred performances, and in all periods children at play have worn disguises, so as to adapt gradually to adult life.

Costume helped inspire fear or impose authority. For a chieftain, costume embodied attributes expressing his power, while a warrior’s costume enhanced his physical superiority and suggested he was superhuman. In more recent times, professional or administrative costume has been devised to distinguish the wearer and to express personal or delegated authority; this purpose is seen clearly in the judge’s robes and the police officer’s uniform. Costume denotes power, and since power is usually equated with wealth, costume came to be an expression of social caste and material prosperity. Military uniform denotes rank and is intended to intimidate, to protect the body and to express membership in a group. At the bottom of the scale, there are such compulsory costumes as the convict’s uniform. Finally, costume can possess a religious significance that combines various elements: an actual or symbolic identification with a god, the desire to express this in earthly life, and the desire to enhance the wearer’s position of respect.

Which of the following would most likely NOT be reflected in a person’s costume, as it is defined in the passage?

A. Playing in a baseball game

B. Working in a hospital

C. Having a heart condition

D. Participating in a religious ceremony

Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   If we believe that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume with the choice of a particular form of garment for a particular use, then we can say that clothing depend primarily on such physical conditions as climate, health, and textile manufacture, whereas costume reflect social factors such as religious beliefs, aesthetics, personal status, and the wish to be distinguished from or to emulate our fellows.

   The ancient Greeks and the Chinese believed that we first covered our bodies for some physical reason such as protecting ourselves from the weather elements. Ethnologists and psychologists have invoked psychological reasons: modesty in the case of ancients, and taboo, magical influence and the desire to please for the moderns.

   In early history, costume must have fulfilled a function beyond that of simple utility, perhaps through some magical significance, investing primitive man with the attributes of other creatures. Ornaments identified the wearer with animals, gods, heroes or other men. This identification remains symbolic in more sophisticated societies. We should bear in mind that the theater has its distant origins in sacred performances, and in all period children at play have worn disguises, so as to adapt gradually to adult life.

   Costume helped inspire fear or impose authority. For a chieftain, costume embodied attributes expressing his power, while a warrior’s costume enhanced his physical superiority and suggested he was superhuman. In more recent times, professional or administrative costume has been devised to distinguish the wearer and express personal or delegated authority; this purpose is seen clearly in the judge’s robes and the police officer’s uniform. Costume denotes power, and since power is usually equated with wealth, costume came to be an expression of social caste and material prosperity. Military uniform denotes rank and is intended to intimidate, to protect the body and to express membership in a group. At the bottom of the scale, there are such compulsory costumes as the convict’s uniform. Finally, costume can possess a religious significance that combines various elements: an actual or symbolic identification with a god, the desire to express this in earthly life, and the desire to enhance the wearer’s position of respect.

Question: Which of the following would most likely NOT be reflected in a person’s costume, as it is defined in the passage?

A. Having a heart condition

B. Playing in a baseball game

C. Working in a hospital

D. Participating in a religious ceremony