BAI TAP BIEN DOI CAU QUA KHU → HIEN TAI HOAN THANH(1)

1.     Snow started to drop in this area at the beginning of October.

 Snow has...............

2.     The Pikes began to live here on July 1^st 2000.

The Pikes has...............

3.     It began raining when I got up this morning.

It ...............

4.     I started learning English three years ago.

I..................

5.     When did you start working here ?.

How long.................

6.     It three years since I was last in Hue.

I haven’t................

7.     My father last drank champagne at my brother’s wedding.

My father hasn’t..........

8.     The last time she went out with him was three weeks ago.

She hasn’t.............

9.     It’s two years since he last saw Misa.

He...........

10.     I last read a newspaper on March 12.

I..............

1. You have taken part in this English - speaking club since last month

--> You began

2. My teacher hasn't talked to us since we left school

--> My teacher last

3. He has learned English very well since the beginning of this year

--> He began

4. They haven't produced this kind of for a long time

--> They stopped

5. We haven't seen Mary since we left university

--> We last

6. Snow has dropped in this area since last December

--> Snow started

7. My father hasn't planted trees in the garden for two months

--> My father stopped

8. The car industry in England has developed for many years now

-> The car industry in England started

9. It's many years since Linda last talked to me

-> The last time

10. Mary has learnt English for six years

--> It is

11. Long hasn't worn Jeans since 2004

--> The last time

12. It has not rained since this morning

--> It stopped

.

My ...(1)... lives in this area for more ...(2)... 15 years. This is a quiet, safe place with great neighbours. They ...(3)... all nice people. If anyone has problems, they are always there to ...(4)... him (her). Besides, we are never worried about losing things. For ...(5)..., my mother sometimes locks our dog outside when she goes to ...(6).... Miss Lan, who lives ...(7)... to our house, always takes care of it and gives the dog back in the evening. I also have many ...(8)..., too. We play all kinds of games every evening. My ...(9)... is really safe and nice place to live, and i ...(10)... it so much. 

1/A. house       B. home                   C.family

2/A. then          B. than                      C.that

3/A. are           B. have                    C. are having

4/A. smile B. laugh                              C. help

5/A. example      B. reason           C. examples

6/A. do   B. school                    C.work

7/A. beside         B. next                 C. in front

8/A. kids      B. friends                     C.friend

9/A. neighbour     B. neighbourhood        C.family

10/A. loves            B. love                      C. hates

cám ơn nhoa:))

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

TRACKING THE SNOW LEOPARD

“When a snow leopard stalks its prey among the mountain walls, it moves softly, slowly,” explains Indian biologist Raghunandan Singh Chundawat, who has studied the animal for years. “If it knocks a stone loose, it will reach out a foot to stop it from falling and making noise.” One might be moving right now, perfectly silent, maybe close by. But where? And how many are left to see?

Best known for its spotted coat and long distinctive tail, the snow leopard is one of the world’s most secretive animals. These elusive cats can only be found high in the remote, mountainous regions of central Asia. For this reason, and because they hunt primarily at night, they are very rarely seen.

Snow leopards have been officially protected since 1975, but enforcing this law has proven difficult. Many continue to be killed for their fur and body parts, which are worth a fortune on the black market. In recent years, though, conflict with local herders has also led to a number of snow leopard deaths. This is because the big cats kill the herders’ animals, and drag the bodies away to eat high up in the mountains.

As a result of these pressures, the current snow leopard population is estimated at only 4,000 to 7,000, and some fear that the actual number may already have dropped below 3,500. The only way to reverse this trend and bring these cats back from near extinction, say conservationists, is to make them more valuable alive than dead.

Because farming is difficult in Central Asia’s cold, dry landscape, traditional cultures depend mostly on livestock (mainly sheep and goats) to survive in these mountainous regions. At night, when snow leopards hunt, herders’ animals are in danger of snow leopard attacks. Losing only a few animals can push a family into desperate poverty. “The wolf comes and kills, eats, and goes somewhere else,” said one herder, “but snow leopards are always around. They have killed one or two animals many time. Everybody wanted to finish this leopard.”

To address this problem, local religious leaders have called for an end to snow leopard killings, saying that these wild animals have the right to exist peacefully. They’ve also tried to convince people that the leopards are quite rare and thus it is important to protect them. Financial incentives are also helping to slow snow leopard killings. The organization Snow Leopard Conservancy–India has established Himalayan Homestays, a program that sends visitors to the region to herders’ houses. For a clean room and bed, meals with the family, and an introduction to their culture, visitors pay about ten U.S. dollars a night. Having guests once every two weeks through the tourist season provides the herders with enough income to replace the animals lost to snow leopards. In addition, Homestays helps herders build protective fences that keep out snow leopards. The organization also conducts environmental classes at village schools and trains Homestays members as nature guides, available for hire. In exchange, the herders agree not to kill snow leopards.

In Mongolia, a project called Snow Leopard Enterprises (SLE) helps herder communities earn extra money in exchange for their promise to protect the endangered cat. Women in Mongolian herder communities make a variety of products—yarn for making clothes, decorative floor rugs, and toys—using the wool from their herds. SLE buys these items from herding families and sells them abroad. Herders must agree to protect the snow leopards and to encourage neighbors to do the same.

The arrangement increases herders’ incomes by 10 to 15 percent and “elevates” the status of the women. If no one in the community kills the protected animals over the course of a year, the program members are rewarded with a 20 percent bonus in addition to the money they’ve already made. An independent review in 2006 found no snow leopard killings in areas where SLE operates. Today the organization continues to add more communities.

 Projects like the Homestays program in India and SLE’s business in Mongolia are doing well, though they cover only a small part of the snow leopard’s homeland, they make the leopards more valuable to more people each year. If these programs continue to do well, the snow leopard may just have a figting chance.

The phrase “this trend” in paragraph 4 refers to

A. the fall in the snow leopard population

B. the pressures caused by the black market

C. increasing conflict with the herders

D. the opinions of conservationists

Quá khứ & Hiện tại hoàn thành

1/you have taken part in this English-speaking club since last month.

--> You began...........

2/ She has learned french with foreigners sinve 2005.

--> She started.......

3/ My father hasn't planted trees in the garden for two months.

--> My gather stopped.....

4/ My uncle has taught English for five years.

--> My uncle began....

5/ They haven't produced this kind of for a long time.

--> They stopped....

6/ Snow has dropped in this area since last December.

--> Snow started...

7/ It has not rained since this morning.

--> It stopped.....

8/ The boys have played football since 2 o'clock.

--> The boys began....

9/ Mr.Pike has worked for my boss for five years.

--> mr.Pike started....

10/ This department store has provided us with cheese since last summer.

--> This department store started....

11/ She has not drunk coffee since she was sick last week.

--> She stopped...

12/ I have not visited uncle Tri sinve 2006.

--> I last.....

13/ It's many years since linda last talked to me.

--> The last time.....

14/ We haven't seen mary since we left university.

--> We last...

15/ Long hasn"t wron Jeans since 2004.

--> The last time....

16/ I haven't travelled by plane for a year.

--> I last....

17/ My father gave up smoking cigarettes a month ago.

--> The last time.....

18/ You haven't helped me since you graduated from college.

--> You last....

19/ Mr.Brow stopped teaching English at this school on Jannuanary 10th.

--> The last time...

20/ She hasn't written to John since August.

--> She last...

21/He hasn't visited to his uncle since the beginning of this year.

--> The last time....

22/ I bought these air-conditioners at the beginning of December.

--> I have...