Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64.

Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certainnumber of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low-productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.
At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide
little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.

From "Poverty" by Thomas J. Corbett

Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1?

A. Poverty B. Population density C. Overpopulation D. Simple farming

Câu 2:

What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?

A. Available resources B. Farming methods C. Land area D. Skilled labor

Câu 3:

The phrase “that number” in paragraph 1 refers to the number of ______.

A. resources B. countries C. people D. densities

Câu 4:

In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because ______.

A. there is an abundance of resources B. there is no shortage of skilled labor C. there are small numbers of laborers D. there is lack of mechanization

Câu 5:

Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on ______.

A. population density in metropolitan areas B. both population density and agricultural productivity C. its population density only D. its high agricultural productivity

Câu 6:

The phrase “engage in” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. escape from B. look into C. give up D. participate in

Câu 7:

The word “ infertile ” in paragraph 4 probably means ______.

A. impossible B. unproductive C. disused D. inaccessible

Câu 8:

Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?

A. In sub-Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology. B. There is no connection between a country’s culture and overpopulation. C. All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities. D. In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied.

Câu 9:

Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many developing countries?

A. High-tech facilities B. High birth rates C. Economic resources D. Sufficient financial support

Câu 10:

Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?

A. High Birth Rate and its Consequences B. Poverty in Developing Countries C. Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem D. Overpopulation: A Cause of Poverty

Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

 In many ways, the increasingly rapid pace of climate change is a direct result of the growth of the human population. In the last 100 years, the world population has more than tripled, from just under 2 billion at the beginning of the century to nearly 7 billion today. In addition, the average person uses more energy and natural resources than the average person one hundred years ago, meaning that the rates of consumption are actually much higher than just the increase in population would imply. For example, it took the world 125 years to use the first one trillion barrels of oil. The next trillion barrels will be used in less than 30 years, which is almost 5 times as fast, not three.

All of these activities: food production, energy usage, and the use of natural resources, contribute to climate change in some way. The greater amounts of oil and other fuels burned to create energy release chemicals which add to global warming. In order to produce more food, farmers cut down trees to gain more land for their fields. In addition, we cut down trees to build the houses needed for a larger population. Those trees are an essential part of controlling global warming; others are too numerous to mention.

 In addition to a growing population, the world also has a population that desires a higher standard of living than in the past, and a higher standard of living requires the use of even more natural resources. A look at one country will provide a clear example of this fact. China is the world’s most populous nation, with 1.3 billion people. Currently, the standard of living for most of those people is far below that of people in first world nations. Therefore, the average Chinese citizen uses far fewer natural resources and less energy than the average citizen of the US or Japan. But China is growing in power, and more of its citizens are beginning to expect a first world lifestyle. If every Chinese person attains a first world lifestyle, the amount of energy and natural resources needed in the world will double, even if the standard of living in every other nation on Earth remains the same as it is today.

The word “others” in the passage refers to ________.

A. problems of global warming in the modern world 

B. examples of the environmental consequences of population growth 

C. ways in which our usage of oil will affect the world climate. 

D. the reasons why trees are essential in controlling global warming

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 41.

  Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.

  In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.

  A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1, 147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low -productivity manual

D. possibly D. do D. ways D. kilo D. on

farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.

  At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.

  High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally mral societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.

(From "Poverty" by Thomas J. Corbett)

What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?

A. Available resources

B. Skilled labor

C. Farming methods

D. Land area

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 41.

  Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.

  In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.

  A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1, 147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low -productivity manual

D. possibly D. do D. ways D. kilo D. on

farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.

  At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.

  High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally mral societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.

 

What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities? 

A. Available resources 

B. Skilled labor

C. Farming methods

D. Land area

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 41.

  Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.

  In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.

  A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1, 147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low -productivity manual

D. possibly D. do D. ways D. kilo D. on

farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.

  At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.

  High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally mral societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.

(From "Poverty" by Thomas J. Corbett)

What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?

A. Available resources

B. Skilled labor

C. Farming methods

D. Land area

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage

An increasing number of people are now going on (1) ________ to Egypt. Last year, for example, about one and a half million tourists visited this country. The population of Egypt is about fifty million and the (2) ________ is Cairo, a busy city of just under nine million people. Although the weather is hot and dry and most of the country is desert, the average temperature from October to March is not too high. The most (3) _______ sights are the pyramids at Giza. However, it is also pleasant to visit Alexandria, Port Said and several other places and do as much (4) ________ as possible in the time available. A trip to Luxor is an unforgettable experience. It is not difficult to go there because there are frequent (5) ________ there from Cairo.

Question 4:

A. joining

B. sightseeing

C. looking

D. thinking

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage

An increasing number of people are now going on (1) ________ to Egypt. Last year, for example, about one and a half million tourists visited this country. The population of Egypt is about fifty million and the (2) ________ is Cairo, a busy city of just under nine million people. Although the weather is hot and dry and most of the country is desert, the average temperature from October to March is not too high. The most (3) _______ sights are the pyramids at Giza. However, it is also pleasant to visit Alexandria, Port Said and several other places and do as much (4) ________ as possible in the time available. A trip to Luxor is an unforgettable experience. It is not difficult to go there because there are frequent (5) ________ there from Cairo.

Question 2:

A. head

B. principal

C. capital

D. state

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage

An increasing number of people are now going on (1) ________ to Egypt. Last year, for example, about one and a half million tourists visited this country. The population of Egypt is about fifty million and the (2) ________ is Cairo, a busy city of just under nine million people. Although the weather is hot and dry and most of the country is desert, the average temperature from October to March is not too high. The most (3) _______ sights are the pyramids at Giza. However, it is also pleasant to visit Alexandria, Port Said and several other places and do as much (4) ________ as possible in the time available. A trip to Luxor is an unforgettable experience. It is not difficult to go there because there are frequent (5) ________ there from Cairo.

Question 1:

A. holiday

B. visit

C. excursion

D. trip

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage

An increasing number of people are now going on (1) ________ to Egypt. Last year, for example, about one and a half million tourists visited this country. The population of Egypt is about fifty million and the (2) ________ is Cairo, a busy city of just under nine million people. Although the weather is hot and dry and most of the country is desert, the average temperature from October to March is not too high. The most (3) _______ sights are the pyramids at Giza. However, it is also pleasant to visit Alexandria, Port Said and several other places and do as much (4) ________ as possible in the time available. A trip to Luxor is an unforgettable experience. It is not difficult to go there because there are frequent (5) ________ there from Cairo.

Question 5:

A. flights

B. places

C. times

D. flies