\(A=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-x-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\\ A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(x=\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{5}-9-4\sqrt{5}}{\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)}:2\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{-8\sqrt{5}}{-2\sqrt{5}}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{2-1}{2+2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x>0;x\ne4\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x}\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{6}{3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right):\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+10-x}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-6}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{6}=\dfrac{6}{2-\sqrt{x}}\)

Để \(A< 2\Rightarrow\dfrac{6}{2-\sqrt{x}}< 2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2-\sqrt{x}}-1< 0\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2-\sqrt{x}}< 0\)

\(\Rightarrow2-\sqrt{x}< 0\) (do \(\sqrt{x}+1>0;\forall x\in TXĐ\))

\(\Rightarrow x>4\)

a: \(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}-4}{2\sqrt{3}+1}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{4+\sqrt{3}}{5-2\sqrt{3}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=-\sqrt{2}\)

b: \(B=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-2x+28}{\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\dfrac{x-16}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+8\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-2x+28-x+16-x-9\sqrt{x}-8}{\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-9\sqrt{x}+36}{\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-9}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{18-3\sqrt{3}}{11}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{11\left(18-3\sqrt{3}\right)}}{11}-\dfrac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{11\left(18-3\sqrt{3}\right)}}{11}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{11\left(18-3\sqrt{3}\right)}}{11}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{11\left(18-3\sqrt{3}\right)}-11\sqrt{6}-11\sqrt{2}}{22}\)

b: \(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-2x+28-x+16-x-9\sqrt{x}-8}{\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-4x-9\sqrt{x}+36}{\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-9}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x\ne4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(\dfrac{6x+4\sqrt{x}}{x\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{6}{3\sqrt{x}+6}+1\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(3\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{6}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}+1\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2\left(3\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}+1\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(=\dfrac{6\sqrt{x}+4-2\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+x-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+6\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{x}+2\)

\(P=A.B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

Ta có : \(\left|P\right|-P=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|P\right|=P\Leftrightarrow\left|\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right|=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(+TH_1:x\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\) (luôn đúng)

\(+TH_2:x< 0\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2.\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)

\(P=A:B=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}:\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}\)

Có: \(\left|P+1\right|< 3P\left(ĐK:x>0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}+1\right|< 3.\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}\right|< \dfrac{3-3\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right|< \dfrac{3-3\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}\)

Vì \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\) nên:

\(\left|\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right|< \dfrac{3-3\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-3+3\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}< 0\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}>0\\2\sqrt{x}-1< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x< \dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow0< x< \dfrac{1}{4}\)