\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y-y+2\right)\left(x-2y+y-2\right)=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)=-1=\left(-1\right)\cdot1\)

\(TH_1:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=1\\x-y-2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y=-1\\x-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ TH_2:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=-1\\x-y-2=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y=-3\\x-y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy PT có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(2;1\right);\left(6;3\right)\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y^2\right)-\left(y-2\right)^2=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y-y+2\right)\left(x-2y+y-2\right)=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)=-1\)

Vì \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-2\in Z\\x-3y+2\in Z\\x-y-2,x-3y+2\inƯ\left(-1\right)=\left\{-1;1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có bảng:

bạn viết lại đề đi, có số mũ, xuống dòng chứ thế này ai mà giải được

      \(2x^2-4x+4xy+4y^2+4=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-2.x.2+2^2\right)+\left(x^2+2.x.2y+\left(2y\right)^2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(x+2y\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x+2y=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)

Chúc bạn học tốt.

2x² + 4xy + 2x + 4y² + 1 = 0

(x² + 2.x.2y + 4y²) + x² + 2x + 1 = 0

(X + 2y)² + (x + 1)² = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2y\right)^2=0\\\left(x+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y=0\\x+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-1+2y=0\\x=-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=\frac{1}{2}\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)