The prisoner _________ to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. thought
B. is thought
C. is think
D. has thought
53. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
54. It is expected that the government will lose the election
1 The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall
2 The government is expected to lose the election
The prisoner is thought _______ by climbing over the wall.
A. to escape
B. has been escaped
C. to have escape
D. has escaped
HOMEWORK. WRITE THE SECOND SENTENCE SO THAT IT HAS THE SAME MEANING AS THE FIRST ONE. 116. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall. - The prisoner ................. . 117. It is reported that the buildings have been badly damaged by fire. - The buildings ................ . 118. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods. - Many people ................ . 119. We all expected Martha pass her driving test. - Martha ............. . 120. People believe that he was killed by terrorists. - He ............ . 121. We knew that you were in town on the night of the crime. - You ............... . 122. Journalists thought that the footballer Wayne Johnson was earning £10 pounds a year. - The footballer Wayne Johnson ............... . 123. We know that they live in a small flat on the fifth floor. - They ............... . 124. Lots of people believe that the Prime Minister and his wife have separated. - The Prime Minister ............... . 125. Everyone expects that the hostages will be released soon. - The hostages ............... . V. WRITE THE SECOND SENTENCE SO THAT IT HAS THE SAME MEANING AS THE FIRST ONE. 126. They will build a new market near my house. - A new market .................... . 127. I haven't visited my parents for three months. - I last ............... . 128. She doesn't have a new dress for the New Year school's Day. - She wishes ............... . 129. My new jeans are more expensive than yours. - Your new jeans ............... . 130. It is very convenient to wear jeans at work. - Wearing ............... . 131. I haven't seen her at this club before. - This is the first time ............... . 132. We were advised not to go out alone. - They ............... . 133. You must do this exercise carefully. - This exercise ............... . 134. Nobody has visit this village since 2009. - This village ............... . 135. They call him Ty at home. - He ............... .
➝ Maradona......................................
2.How many languages do they speak in Canada?
➝ How many.....................................?
3.It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
➝ The prisoner..............................................
4.They used oil-lamps years ago.
➝ Oil-lamps ..........................................…
5.I saw him fall down.
➝ He....................................................
➝ Maradona is thought to be the best football player in the 20th century.
2.How many languages do they speak in Canada?
➝ How many languages are spoken in Canada?
3.It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
➝ The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
4.They used oil-lamps years ago.
➝ Oil-lamps were used years ago.
5.I saw him fall down.
➝ He was seen to fall down by me.
➝ Maradona is thought to be the best footbal player in the 20th century.
2.How many languages do they speak in Canada?
➝ How many languages are spoken in Canada?
3.It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
➝ The prisoner is thought to climb over the wall.
4.They used oil-lamps years ago.
➝ Oil-lamps were used yeas ago.
5.I saw him fall down.
➝ He was seen to fall down ( by me ).
Bị động đặc biệt
1. It is though that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
2. It is reported that two peple were seriously injuredin the accident
3. It is said that he is 108 years old
4. It is expected the strike will begin tomorrow
5 . It is thought the they lived next to your house
Bị động đặc biệt
1. It is though that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
2. It is reported that two peple were seriously injuredin the accident
two people are reported to have been seriously injure in the accident
3. It is said that he is 108 years old
He is said to be 108 years old.
4. It is expected the strike will begin tomorrow
The strike is expected to begin tomorrow.
5 . It is thought the they lived next to your house
They are thought to have lived next to your house
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
1,they say that many people are homeless after the tsunsmi
many people are said................................
2,they know that the prime minister is in favor of the new law
the prime minister is known..............................................
3,they think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
the prisoner is thought.................................................
4,they say that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami
over 200,000 people................................................
5,they say that three men were arrested after the explosion
three men.................................................
6,people say that he is the most experienced teacher of english
he is said........................................................
1,they say that many people are homeless after the tsunsmi
many people are said........to be homeless after the tsunsmi........................
2,they know that the prime minister is in favor of the new law
the prime minister is known......to be in favor of the new law...................
3,they think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
the prisoner is thought........to have escaped by climbing over the wall.......
4,they say that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami
over 200,000 people.....are said to have been killed in the tsunami....
5,they say that three men were arrested after the explosion
three men............are said to have been arrested after the explosion.....
6,people say that he is the most experienced teacher of english
he is said.......to be the most experienced teacher of english....
Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1)Ms Thompson is always willing to help,but she doesn't want.........(call)at home there is an emergency
2)When I told Tim the news,he seemed..................(surprise)
3)He has often made.............(drink) by his mother
4)The injured man couldn't walk and had to.........(carry)
5)Mr.Miller hates.........(keep)waiting
6)The prisoner........(think) to have escaped climbing over a wall
7)Pupils usually have their eyes........(teast) regularly
8)Tom is thought.............(meet) the runaway murderer last week
9)I expected....(invite)to the party,but I wasn't
10)Wen did you finish...(paint) the kitchen?
1. to call
2. surprised
3. drinking
4. carry
5. keeping
6. thought
7. teasted
8. to meet
9. to invite
10. painting
Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1)Ms Thompson is always willing to help,but she doesn't want....to call.....(call)at home there is an emergency
2)When I told Tim the news,he seemed......surprised............(surprise)
3)He has often made....drinking.........(drink) by his mother4)The injured man couldn't walk and had to....carry.....(carry)
5)Mr.Miller hates....keeping.....(keep)waiting
6)The prisoner....thought....(think) to have escaped climbing over a wall
7)Pupils usually have their eyes....teasted....(teast) regularly
8)Tom is thought......to meet.......(meet) the runaway murderer last week
9)I expected..to invite..(invite)to the party,but I wasn't
10)Wen did you finish.painting..(paint) the kitchen?
A, It is thought that he has died a natural death. B, They thought that he died a natural death.
C, He is thought to have died a natural death. D, A & C are correct
2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
A, They said that John is the brightest student in class.
B, They said that John to be the brightest student in class.
C, John is said to be the brightest student in class.
D, It is said that John to be the brightest student in class.
3. Does he realize that they are laughing at him?
A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
4. The manager had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. the manager had several jobs done
5. We found that they had cancelled the soccer match.
A. We found that the soccer match had been cancelled.
B. The soccer match had been cancelled.
C. The soccer match was found that had been cancelled.
D. The soccer match was found to have been cancelled by us.
6. They saw him search the truck.
A. He is seen searching the truck. B. He is seen to search the truck.
C. He was seen to search the truck D. He was being seen searching the truck.
7.His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it. B. He was made to do it.
C. He made his parents to do it D. His parents were made do it.
8. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now. B. I’ve got to have the barber cut my hair.
C.I get my hair cut D. I’ve had my hair cut.
9.People say that the American women are used to living independently means
A. It is said that the American women are used to living independently.
B.The American women are said to be used to living independently.
C.The American women are said they be used to live independently.
D.A & B are correct
10.People think that he was born in a rich family.
A. That is thought he was born in a rich family. B. He was thought to be born in a rich family.
C. That he was born in a rich family is thought. D. He is thought to have been born in a rich family.
11.the teacher makes us study hard in next term
A, we are made studied hard in next term B, we is made to study hard in next term
C, we were made to study hard in next term D, we are made to study hard in next term
12. They said that the president had arrived in the city.
A. The president was said to have arrived in the cityB. It is said that the president had arrived in the city.
C. The president was said to arrive in the city. D. It was said that the president arrived in the city.
13. He expects that his father will come back home.
A. It was expected that his father will come back home.
B. His father was expected to be come back home.
C. His father will be expected to come back home.
D. His father is expected to come back home.
14. They said that he was all right .
A. He said he was all right. B. They were said him was all right .
C. He was said he was all right. D. He was said to be all right .
15. the boss let us go home early last week.
A, we are let go home early by the boss last week.
B, we were let go home early by the boss last week
C, we were allowed to go home early by the boss last week
D, B& C are correct
15. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
16. the teacher is watching the students do the test
A, the students is being watched doing the test B, the students is being watched do the test
C, the students are being watched doing the test D, all are correct
17. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
A. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window.
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window.
C. They believe the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
D. They believe the thieves have got in through the kitchen window.
18. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. Over 200,000 people are reported to have been killed in the tsunami.
B. Over 200,000 people are reported to be killed in the tsunami.
C. Over 200,000 people are reported to have killed in the tsunami.
D. Over 200,000 people are reported to kill in the tsunami.
19. We found that they had cancelled the game.
A. We found that the game had been cancelled. B. The game had been cancelled.
C. we found that the game had been cancelled by them. D. The game were found to be cancelled
20. we got her to clean the floor.
A, We got the floor cleaned B, We got the floor to have cleaned
C, She was got to clean the floor D, A & C are correct
21. he makes me love him more.
A, I am made to love him more B, I am made love him more
C, I was made to love him more D, all are correct
22. open your book,please!
A, your book be opened by someone. B, someone opened your book
C, let your book be opened. D, let your book opened.
23. don’t throw the pen up!
A, The pen be threw up B, don’t let the pen be thrown up
C, Let the pen be thrown up D, throw the pen up
24. they suggested helping the poor
A, They suggested that the poor should helped. B, The poor was suggested helping
C, They suggested that the poor should be helped. D, all are correct
25. we urge the authorities to widen the streets.
A, We urge that the authorities to widen the streets.
B, We urge that the streets should be widened by the authorities
C, We urged that the streets should be widened by the authorities
D, We urged that the streets should widen by the authorities
A, It is thought that he has died a natural death. B, They thought that he died a natural death.
C, He is thought to have died a natural death. D, A & C are correct
2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
A, They said that John is the brightest student in class.
B, They said that John to be the brightest student in class.
C, John is said to be the brightest student in class.
D, It is said that John to be the brightest student in class.
3. Does he realize that they are laughing at him?
A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
4. The manager had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. the manager had several jobs done
5. We found that they had cancelled the soccer match.
A. We found that the soccer match had been cancelled.
B. The soccer match had been cancelled.
C. The soccer match was found that had been cancelled.
D. The soccer match was found to have been cancelled by us.
6. They saw him search the truck.
A. He is seen searching the truck. B. He is seen to search the truck.
C. He was seen to search the truck D. He was being seen searching the truck.
7.His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it. B. He was made to do it.
C. He made his parents to do it D. His parents were made do it.
8. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now. B. I’ve got to have the barber cut my hair.
C.I get my hair cut D. I’ve had my hair cut.
9.People say that the American women are used to living independently means
A. It is said that the American women are used to living independently.
B.The American women are said to be used to living independently.
C.The American women are said they be used to live independently.
D.A & B are correct
10.People think that he was born in a rich family.
A. That is thought he was born in a rich family. B. He was thought to be born in a rich family.
C. That he was born in a rich family is thought. D. He is thought to have been born in a rich family.
11.the teacher makes us study hard in next term
A, we are made studied hard in next term B, we is made to study hard in next term
C, we were made to study hard in next term D, we are made to study hard in next term
12. They said that the president had arrived in the city.
A. The president was said to have arrived in the cityB. It is said that the president had arrived in the city.
C. The president was said to arrive in the city. D. It was said that the president arrived in the city.
13. He expects that his father will come back home.
A. It was expected that his father will come back home.
B. His father was expected to be come back home.
C. His father will be expected to come back home.
D. His father is expected to come back home.
14. They said that he was all right .
A. He said he was all right. B. They were said him was all right .
C. He was said he was all right. D. He was said to be all right .
15. the boss let us go home early last week.
A, we are let go home early by the boss last week.
B, we were let go home early by the boss last week
C, we were allowed to go home early by the boss last week
D, B& C are correct
15. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
16. the teacher is watching the students do the test
A, the students is being watched doing the test B, the students is being watched do the test
C, the students are being watched doing the test D, all are correct
17. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
A. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window.
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window.
C. They believe the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
D. They believe the thieves have got in through the kitchen window.
18. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. Over 200,000 people are reported to have been killed in the tsunami.
B. Over 200,000 people are reported to be killed in the tsunami.
C. Over 200,000 people are reported to have killed in the tsunami.
D. Over 200,000 people are reported to kill in the tsunami.
19. We found that they had cancelled the game.
A. We found that the game had been cancelled. B. The game had been cancelled.
C. we found that the game had been cancelled by them. D. The game were found to be cancelled
20. we got her to clean the floor.
A, We got the floor cleaned B, We got the floor to have cleaned
C, She was got to clean the floor D, A & C are correct
21. he makes me love him more.
A, I am made to love him more B, I am made love him more
C, I was made to love him more D, all are correct
22. open your book,please!
A, your book be opened by someone. B, someone opened your book
C, let your book be opened. D, let your book opened.
23. don’t throw the pen up!
A, The pen be threw up B, don’t let the pen be thrown up
C, Let the pen be thrown up D, throw the pen up
24. they suggested helping the poor
A, They suggested that the poor should helped. B, The poor was suggested helping
C, They suggested that the poor should be helped. D, all are correct
25. we urge the authorities to widen the streets.
A, We urge that the authorities to widen the streets.
B, We urge that the streets should be widened by the authorities
C, We urged that the streets should be widened by the authorities
D, We urged that the streets should widen by the authorities
A, It is thought that he has died a natural death. B, They thought that he died a natural death.
C, He is thought to have died a natural death. D, A & C are correct
2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
A, They said that John is the brightest student in class.
B, They said that John to be the brightest student in class.
C, John is said to be the brightest student in class.
D, It is said that John to be the brightest student in class.
3. Does he realize that they are laughing at him?
A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
4. The manager had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. the manager had several jobs done
5. We found that they had cancelled the soccer match.
A. We found that the soccer match had been cancelled.
B. The soccer match had been cancelled.
C. The soccer match was found that had been cancelled.
D. The soccer match was found to have been cancelled by us.
6. They saw him search the truck.
A. He is seen searching the truck. B. He is seen to search the truck.
C. He was seen to search the truck D. He was being seen searching the truck.
7.His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it. B. He was made to do it.
C. He made his parents to do it D. His parents were made do it.
8. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now. B. I’ve got to have the barber cut my hair.
C.I get my hair cut D. I’ve had my hair cut.
9.People say that the American women are used to living independently means
A. It is said that the American women are used to living independently.
B.The American women are said to be used to living independently.
C.The American women are said they be used to live independently.
D.A & B are correct
10.People think that he was born in a rich family.
A. That is thought he was born in a rich family. B. He was thought to be born in a rich family.
C. That he was born in a rich family is thought. D. He is thought to have been born in a rich family.
11.the teacher makes us study hard in next term
A, we are made studied hard in next term B, we is made to study hard in next term
C, we were made to study hard in next term D, we are made to study hard in next term
12. They said that the president had arrived in the city.
A. The president was said to have arrived in the cityB. It is said that the president had arrived in the city.
C. The president was said to arrive in the city. D. It was said that the president arrived in the city.
13. He expects that his father will come back home.
A. It was expected that his father will come back home.
B. His father was expected to be come back home.
C. His father will be expected to come back home.
D. His father is expected to come back home.
14. They said that he was all right .
A. He said he was all right. B. They were said him was all right .
C. He was said he was all right. D. He was said to be all right .
15. the boss let us go home early last week.
A, we are let go home early by the boss last week.
B, we were let go home early by the boss last week
C, we were allowed to go home early by the boss last week
D, B& C are correct
15. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
16. the teacher is watching the students do the test
A, the students is being watched doing the test B, the students is being watched do the test
C, the students are being watched doing the test D, all are correct
17. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
A. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window.
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window.
C. They believe the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
D. They believe the thieves have got in through the kitchen window.
18. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. Over 200,000 people are reported to have been killed in the tsunami.
B. Over 200,000 people are reported to be killed in the tsunami.
C. Over 200,000 people are reported to have killed in the tsunami.
D. Over 200,000 people are reported to kill in the tsunami.
19. We found that they had cancelled the game.
A. We found that the game had been cancelled. B. The game had been cancelled.
C. we found that the game had been cancelled by them. D. The game were found to be cancelled
20. we got her to clean the floor.
A, We got the floor cleaned B, We got the floor to have cleaned
C, She was got to clean the floor D, A & C are correct
21. he makes me love him more.
A, I am made to love him more B, I am made love him more
C, I was made to love him more D, all are correct
22. open your book,please!
A, your book be opened by someone. B, someone opened your book
C, let your book be opened. D, let your book opened.
23. don’t throw the pen up!
A, The pen be threw up B, don’t let the pen be thrown up
C, Let the pen be thrown up D, throw the pen up
24. they suggested helping the poor
A, They suggested that the poor should helped. B, The poor was suggested helping
C, They suggested that the poor should be helped. D, all are correct
25. we urge the authorities to widen the streets.
A, We urge that the authorities to widen the streets.
B, We urge that the streets should be widened by the authorities
C, We urged that the streets should be widened by the authorities
D, We urged that the streets should widen by the authorities
A, It is thought that he has died a natural death.
B, They thought that he died a natural death.
C, He is thought to have died a natural death.
D, A & C are correct
2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
A, They said that John is the brightest student in class.
B, They said that John to be the brightest student in class.
C, John is said to be the brightest student in class.
D, It is said that John to be the brightest student in class.A. Is he realized that he is laughing at?
B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at?
D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
4. The manager had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs.
B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me.
D. the manager had several jobs done
5. We found that they had cancelled the soccer match.
A. We found that the soccer match had been cancelled.
B. The soccer match had been cancelled.
C. The soccer match was found that had been cancelled.
D. The soccer match was found to have been cancelled by us.
6. They saw him search the truck.
A. He is seen searching the truck.
B. He is seen to search the truck.
C. He was seen to search the truck
D. He was being seen searching the truck.
7.His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it.
B. He was made to do it.
C. He made his parents to do it
D. His parents were made do it.
8. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now.
B. I’ve got to have the barber cut my hair.
C.I get my hair cut
D. I’ve had my hair cut.
9.People say that the American women are used to living independently means
A. It is said that the American women are used to living independently.
B.The American women are said to be used to living independently.C.The American women are said they be used to live independently.
D.A & B are correct
10.People think that he was born in a rich family.
A. That is thought he was born in a rich family.
B. He was thought to be born in a rich family.
C. That he was born in a rich family is thought.
D. He is thought to have been born in a rich family.
11.the teacher makes us study hard in next term
A, we are made studied hard in next term
B, we is made to study hard in next term
C, we were made to study hard in next term
D, we are made to study hard in next term
12. They said that the president had arrived in the city.
A. The president was said to have arrived in the city
B. It is said that the president had arrived in the city.
C. The president was said to arrive in the city.
D. It was said that the president arrived in the city.
13. He expects that his father will come back home.
A. It was expected that his father will come back home.
B. His father was expected to be come back home.
C. His father will be expected to come back home.
D. His father is expected to come back home.
14. They said that he was all right .
A. He said he was all right.
B. They were said him was all right .
C. He was said he was all right.
D. He was said to be all right .
15. the boss let us go home early last week.
A, we are let go home early by the boss last week.
B, we were let go home early by the boss last week
C, we were allowed to go home early by the boss last week
D, B& C are correct
15. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
16. the teacher is watching the students do the test
A, the students is being watched doing the test
B, the students is being watched do the test
C, the students are being watched doing the test
D, all are incorrect
17. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
A. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window.
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window.
C. They believe the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
D. They believe the thieves have got in through the kitchen window.
18. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. Over 200,000 people are reported to have been killed in the tsunami.
B. Over 200,000 people are reported to be killed in the tsunami.
C. Over 200,000 people are reported to have killed in the tsunami.
D. Over 200,000 people are reported to kill in the tsunami.
19. We found that they had cancelled the game.
A. We found that the game had been cancelled.
B. The game had been cancelled.
C. we found that the game had been cancelled by them.
D. The game were found to be cancelled
20. we got her to clean the floor.
A, We got the floor cleaned
B, We got the floor to have cleaned
C, She was got to clean the floor
D, A & C are correct
21. he makes me love him more.
A, I am made to love him more
B, I am made love him more
C, I was made to love him more
D, all are correct
22. open your book,please!
A, your book be opened by someone.
B, someone opened your book
C, let your book be opened.
D, let your book opened.
23. don’t throw the pen up!
A, The pen be threw up
B, don’t let the pen be thrown up
C, Let the pen be thrown up
D, throw the pen up
24. they suggested helping the poor
A, They suggested that the poor should helped.
B, The poor was suggested helping
C, They suggested that the poor should be helped.
D, all are correct
25. we urge the authorities to widen the streets.
A, We urge that the authorities to widen the streets.
B, We urge that the streets should be widened by the authorities
C, We urged that the streets should be widened by the authorities
D, We urged that the streets should widen by the authorities