Tóm tắt:

R₁//R₂//R₃

R₁ = 25\(\Omega\)

R₂ = 50\(\Omega\)

R₃ = 50\(\Omega\)

a. R_tđ = ?\(\Omega\)

U = 37,5V

b. I = I₁ = I₂ = I₃ = ?A

GIẢI:

a. Điện trở tương đương: R_tđ  = (R₁.R₂.R₃) : (R₁.R₂ + R₂.R₃ + R₁.R₃) = (25.50.50) :(25.50 + 50.50 + 25.50) = 12,5 (\(\Omega\))

b. Do mạch mắc song song nên U = U₁ = U₂ = U₃ = 37,5V

Cường độ dòng điện qua các điện trở và dòng điện trong mạch kín:

I = U : R_tđ = 37,5 : 12,5  = 3(A)

I₁ = U₁ : R₁ = 37,5 : 25 = 1,5 (A)

I₂ = U₂ : R₂ = 37,5 : 50 = 0,75 (A)

I₃ = U₃ : R₃ = 37,5 : 50 = 0,75 (A)

a) Do 3 mạch điện mắc song song nên:

\(\dfrac{1}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{1}{R_1}+\dfrac{1}{R_2}+\dfrac{1}{R_3}=\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{2}{25}\)

\(\Rightarrow R_{tđ}=12,5\left(\Omega\right)\)

b) Do R1//R2//R3

\(\Rightarrow U=U_1=U_2=U_3=37,5\left(V\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{37,5}{25}=1,5\left(A\right)\\I_2=I_3=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=\dfrac{37,5}{50}=0,75\left(A\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=I_1+I_2+I_3=1,5+0,75+0,75=3\left(A\right)\)

a) \(\dfrac{1}{R_{td}}=\dfrac{1}{R_1}+\dfrac{1}{R_2}+\dfrac{1}{R_3}\\ =\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{4}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\\ =>R_{td}=2\Omega\)

b) \(U=I.R_{td}=3.2=6\left(V\right)\)

a) Điện trở tương đương là: 

 \(R_{tđ}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{R_1}+\dfrac{1}{R_2}+\dfrac{1}{R_3}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{4}}=2\left(\Omega\right)\)

b) Hiệu điện thế U:

 \(U=I.R=3.2=6\left(V\right)\)

sơ đồ mắc song song

R1//R2

a, =>\(Rtd=\dfrac{R1R2}{R1+R2}=\dfrac{20.20}{20+20}=10\left(ôm\right)\)

b,R1//R2//R3

\(=>\dfrac{1}{Rtd}=\dfrac{1}{R1}+\dfrac{1}{R2}+\dfrac{1}{R3}=\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{15}=>Rtd=6\left(ôm\right)\)c,

=>U1=U2=U3=30V

\(=>I1=\dfrac{U1}{R1}=\dfrac{30}{20}=1,5A,=>I2=\dfrac{U2}{R2}=1,5A\)

\(=>I3=\dfrac{U3}{R3}=2A\)

\(=>Im=\dfrac{U}{Rtd}=\dfrac{30}{6}=5A\)

R1//R2//R3

a,\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{RTt}=\dfrac{1}{R1}+\dfrac{1}{R2}+\dfrac{1}{R3}\Rightarrow Rtd=12,5\Omega\)

b,\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I1=\dfrac{37,5}{25}=1,5A\\I2=\dfrac{37,5}{50}=0,75A\\I3=\dfrac{37,5}{50}=0,75A\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow Im=\dfrac{37,5}{Rtd}=3A\)

\(\dfrac{1}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{1}{R_1}+\dfrac{1}{R_2}+\dfrac{1}{R_3}=\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{3}{10}\Omega\)

\(\Rightarrow R_{tđ}=\dfrac{10}{3}\Omega\)

\(U_1=U_2=U_3=U=12V\)

\(I=\dfrac{U}{R}=\dfrac{12}{\dfrac{10}{3}}=3,6A\)

\(I_1=I_2=I_3=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{12}{10}=1,2A\)

Nếu mắc nối tiếp:

\(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_2+R_3=10+10+10=30\Omega\)

R1//R2

a,\(=>Rtd=\dfrac{R1R2}{R1+R2}=\dfrac{8.12}{8+12}=4,8\Omega\)

\(=>I1=\dfrac{U}{R1}=\dfrac{24}{8}=3A=>I2=\dfrac{U}{R2}=\dfrac{24}{12}=2A\)

b,\(=>Pab=U.Im=24\left(I1+I2\right)=24.5=120W\)

\(=>A=UIt=24.5.12.60=86400J\)

c,\(=>R1=\dfrac{pl}{S}=>l1=\dfrac{R1S}{p}=\dfrac{8.6.10^{-7}}{0,5.10^{-6}}=9,6m\)

d, R1 nt R2 nt R3

\(=>Im=\dfrac{U}{R1+R2+R3}=\dfrac{24}{25}A\)

1. a. Theo ht 4' trg đm //, ta có:    Rtđ= (R1.R2)/(R1+R2)=    (3.6)/(3+6)=2 ôm

     b.Theo ĐL ôm, ta có:                  I= U/Rtđ=24/2=12 A

 I1=U/R1=24/3=8 ôm

 I2=U/R2=24/6=4 ôm

2. a. Theo ht 4' trg đm //, ta có:       Rtđ=(R1.R2.R3)/(R1+R2+R3)=     (6.12.4)/(6+12+4)=13,09 ôm

    b. Áp dụng ĐL Ôm, ta có:               U=I.R=3.13,09=39,27 V

    c. Theo ĐL Ôm, ta có: 

    I1=U/R1=39,27/6=6.545 A

    I2=U/R2=39,27/12=3,2725 A

    I3=U/R3=39,27/4=9.8175 A

1,

Rtđ =2 ôm

I=12 ôm

I1=8 ôm

I2=4 ôm