Bài 1

\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,2mol\\ m_{CuCl_2}=0,2.135=27\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

Bài 5

\(a,n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\\ b,n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,4}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(M\right)\\ c,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

Theo PT:  \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)

b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)

c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)

B1:

2NaOH+H₂SO₄\(\rightarrow\)Na₂SO₄+2H₂O

n_NaOH=\(\frac{4}{40}=0.1\)mol

=>n_H2SO4=\(\frac{1}{2}\)n_NaOH=0.05 mol

=>C_M=\(\frac{n_{H2SO42}}{V}\)=\(\frac{0.05}{200}\)=2,5.10^-4 (M)

B2:

Mg+\(\frac{1}{2}\)O₂\(\underrightarrow{t^0}\)MgO                (1)

MgO+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl₂+H₂O (2)

n_Mg(1)=\(\frac{0,36}{24}=0,015mol\)

=>n_MgO(1)=0,015=n_MgO(2)

n_HCl(2)=2n_MgO(2)=0,03mol

=>C_M(HCl)=\(\frac{n_{HCl}}{V}=\frac{0,03}{100}=3.10^{-4}M\)

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

a

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

0,02<------0,04----->0,02

Xét \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,04}{2}\Rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2.dư\)

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)

b

Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn phải thêm dung dịch HCl 0,2 M

\(n_{HCl.cần}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{cần.\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)=280\left(ml\right)\\ V_{cần.thêm\left(HCl\right)}=280-200=80\left(ml\right)\)

c

\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,3+0,28}=\dfrac{1}{29}M\)

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

  0,02<----0,04------>0,02

a

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)

b

Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn thì phải thêm dd HCl 0,2M.

\(n_{HCl.cần}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\\ V_{HCl.cần.}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)\\ V_{HCl.cần.thêm}=2,8-0,2=2,6\left(l\right)=260\left(ml\right)\)

c

\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3+2,8}=\dfrac{3}{31}M\)

\(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{126}=0,1mol\)

\(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)

a) \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow V=2,24l\)

b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow C_M=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)

c) \(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot142=14,2g\)

\(n_{K2O}=\dfrac{9,4}{94}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH|\)

         1           1              2

        0,1                        0,2

a) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

200ml = 0,2l

\(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

b) Pt : \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O|\)

              1            1           1            1

            0,1          0,1

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)

c) \(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O|\)

        1          2               1              1

      0,05      0,1

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{CO2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Theo giả thiết ta có : nCO2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)

a) PTHH :

0,3mol......0,3mol................0,3mol.........0,3mol

b) nồng độ mol của dd Ba(OH)2 đã dùng là :

Câu 15: 

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{BaCO_3}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{BaCO_3}=0,3\cdot197=59,1\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)