Quặng boxit (Al\(_2\)O\(_3\)) \(\underrightarrow{\text{+ dung dịch X, t*}}\) A \(\underrightarrow{\text{+ Y}}\) B \(\underrightarrow{\text{t*}}\) D \(\underrightarrow{\text{đpnc, Criolit}}\) Al
Hoàn thành PTHH sau:
Mg+O\(_2\)\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)
Fe+O\(_2\)\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)
Zn+O\(_2\)\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)
S+O\(_2\)\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)
P+O\(_2\)\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)
?+?\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)H\(_3\)PO\(_4\)
?+?\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)HNO\(_3\)
Mg+HCl\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)
?+HCl\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)ZnCl\(_2\)
?+H\(_2\)O\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)NaOH
?+?\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)Ba(OH)\(_2\)
Giúp tớ đi =)
\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
\(2Zn+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2ZnO\)
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)
\(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)
\(N_2O_5+H_2O\rightarrow2HNO_3\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
Viết PTHH hoàn thành sơ đò chuỗi phản ứng sau
Al(OH)\(_{ }\)\(_3\) \(\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}\) Al\(_2\)O\(_3\)\(\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}\) Al\(_2\)(SO\(_4\))\(_3\)\(\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}\) BaSO\(_4\)
\(1\\ 2Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Al_2O_3+3H_2O\\ 2\\ Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow3BaSO_4+2AlCl_3\)
O\(_2\)\(\underrightarrow{ }\)Fe\(_3\)O\(_4\)\(\underrightarrow{ }\)Fe\(\underrightarrow{ }\)FeCl\(_2\)
\(\downarrow\)
H\(_2\)
(1)O\(_2\)+ \(\rightarrow\)Fe\(_3\)O\(_4\)
2O2+3Fe-to>Fe3O4
Fe3O4+4H2-to>3Fe+4H2O
2Fe+3Cl2-to>2Fecl3
Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3Fe+4H_2O\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Câu 1 ) A / Mg(NO3) \(\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}\) Mg(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}\) MgCl2\(\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}\) KCl \(\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}\) KNO3
B/ \(Na\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}Na_2O\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}NaOH\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Na_2SO_4\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}NaCl\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}NaNO_3\underrightarrow{\left(6\right)}NaCl\underrightarrow{\left(7\right)}NaOH\)
C/\(Mg\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}MgO\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}MgCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}MgSO_4\underrightarrow{\left(6\right)}MgCO_3\)
D/\(CuSO_4\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}CuO\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}CuCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}CuSO_4\)
E/\(CuCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}CuSO_4\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Cu\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}CuO\)
F/ \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}CuO\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}CuCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}NaNO_3\)
G/\(Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}FeCl_3\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\)
H/ \(ZnCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}Zn\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}ZnCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}NaCl\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}NaNO_3\)
M/\(CuO\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}CuCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}CuO\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}CuSO_4\)
N/\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}FeO\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}FeCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Fe\left(ỌH_2\right)\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}FeSO_4\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}FeCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(6\right)}Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2\)
Z/ \(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}MgO\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}MgSO_4\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}MgCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}MgCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(6\right)}Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2\)
X/\(Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}Al_2O_3\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}AlCl_3\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Al\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\)
g) 1. Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
2. FeCl3 + 3NaOH → 3NaCl + Fe(OH)3↓
3. 2Fe(OH)3 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) Fe2O3 + 3H2O
4. Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
h) 1. ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓
2. Zn(OH)2 + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + 2H2O
3. ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓
4. NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl↓
m) 1. CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
2. CuCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Cu(OH)2↓
3. Cu(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) CuO + H2O
4. CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O
1.
a) Na + ... \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) Na\(_2\)O
b) Zn + ... \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl\(_2\) + H\(_2\)
c) Cao + ... \(\rightarrow\) Ca(OH)\(_2\)
d) SO\(_3\) + ... \(\rightarrow\) H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)
2.
a) Ba + ... \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) BaO
b) CuO + ... \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) Cu + H20
c) K + ... \(\rightarrow\) KOH + H\(_2\)
d) CO\(_2\) + ... \(\rightarrow\) H\(_2\)CO\(_3\)
\(1)\\ a) 4Na + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Na_2O\\ b) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ c) CaO + H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2\\ d) SO_3 + H_2O \to H_2SO_4\\ 2)\\ a) 2Ba + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2BaO\\ b) CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ c) K + H_2O \to KOH + \dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ d) CO_2 + H_2O \to H_2CO_3\)
Câu 2. Lập các PTHH sau và cho biết phản ứng nào là phản ứng phân hủy? Phản ứng nào là phản ứng hóa hợp? Vì sao? a. KClO\(_3\) \(\underrightarrow{t}\) KCL + O2
b.CaCO\(_3\)\(\underrightarrow{t}\) CaO + CO\(_2\)
c.Fe + HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl\(_2\) + H\(_2\)
d.H\(_2\) + O\(_2\) \(\rightarrow\) H\(_2\)O
e.Fe(OH)\(_3\) \(\rightarrow\) Fe\(_2\)O\(_3\) + H\(_2\)O
f.Na\(_2\)O + H\(_2\)O \(\rightarrow\) NaOH
\(a) 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ b) CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2\\ c) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ d) 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ e) 2Fe(OH)_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2O\\ f) Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH\)
- Phản ứng phân hủy : a,b,e
- Phản ứng thế: c
- Phản ứng hóa hợp : d,f
Phản ứng hóa hợp : từ hai hay nhiều chất sinh ra một chất mới
H2 + 1/2O2 -to-> H2O
Na2O + H2O => 2NaOH
Phản ứng phân hủy : từ một chất sinh ra hai hay nhiều chất mới.
2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2
CaCO3 -to-> CaO + CO2
2Fe(OH)3 -to-> Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Viết ptpư theo sơ đồ biến hóa sau:
a) \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}AlCl_3\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}Al\left(NO_3\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Al_2O_3\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}Al\)
1) Al\(_2\)(SO\(_4\))\(_3\)+3BaCl\(_2\)→2AlCl\(_3\)+3BaSO\(_4\)↓
2)AlCl\(_3\)+3AgNO\(_3\)→Al(NO\(_3\))\(_3\)+3AgCl↓
3)Al(NO\(_3\))\(_3\)+3NaOH→Al(OH)\(_3\)+3NaNO\(_3\)
4)2Al(OH)\(_3\)\(\underrightarrow{to}\)Al2O3+3H2O
5)2Al2O3\(\xrightarrow[criolit]{đpnc}\)4Al+3O2
Viết PTHH hoàn thành chuỗi chuyển hóa sau:
\(a.Na\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}NaOH\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}Al_2O_3\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}Al\underrightarrow{\left(5\right)}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\underrightarrow{\left(6\right)}BaSO_4\)
(1) 2Na+2H2O--->2NaOH+H2
(2) 3NaOH+Al(NO3)3--->Al(OH)3+3NaNO3
(3) 2Al(OH)3--->Al2O3+3H2O
(4) 2Al2O3-đpnc---> 4Al+3O2
(5) 2Al+3H2SO4--->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
(6) Al2(SO4)3+3BaCl2--->3BaSO4+2AlCl3
(1) 2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
(2) 3NaOH+AlCl3->Al(OH)3+3NaCl
(3) 2Al(OH)3->Al2O3+3H2O
(4) 2Al2O3-điện phân nóng chảy->4Al+3O2
(5) 2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
(6) Al2(SO4)3+3BaCl2->3BaSO4+2AlCl3
Cân bằng PTHH:
\(C_xH_yO_z+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_xH_yO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_xO_y+H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+S+H_2O\)
\(Fe_xO_y+HNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+N_2O+H_2O\)
P/s: Ai chỉ em cách cân bằng \(x;y\) zới:(( mẹo cân bằng ý m.n:((
\(2C_xH_yO_z+\dfrac{4x+y-2z}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2xCO_2+yH_2O\)
\(2C_xH_yO+\dfrac{4x+y-2}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2xCO_2+yH_2O\)
\(6Fe_xO_y+\left(12x-2y\right)H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\underrightarrow{t^o}3xFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+\left(3x-2y\right)S+\left(12x-2y\right)H_2O\)
\(8Fe_xO_y+\left(30x-4y\right)HNO_3\rightarrow8xFe\left(NO_3\right)_3+\left(3x-2y\right)N_2O+\left(15x-2y\right)H_2O\)