23,4 gam chứ 23,3 thì hơi lẻ em hi

\(4H_2+Fe_3O_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3Fe+4H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{4}\Rightarrow H_2hết,Fe_3O_4dư\\ n_{Fe_3O_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05.232=11,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,2.18=3,6\left(g\right)\)

nFe = 16.8/56 = 0.3 (mol) 

nO2 = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol) 

2Fe + 3O2 -to-> Fe3O4 

0.2___0.3________0.1 

mFe dư = ( 0.3 - 0.2 ) * 56 = 5.6 (g) 

mFe3O4 = 0.1*232 = 23.2 (g) 

 a)

b)

nO2=6,72/22,4=0,3mol

Ta có: 

mFe3O4=0,1.232=23,2g

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2

0,05--------------------0,05

CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O

          0,05----0,05

n Zn=\(\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05mol\)

=>n CuO=\(\dfrac{6}{80}=0,075mol\)

=>CuO dư

=>m Cu=0,05.64=3,2g

=>m CuO dư=0,025.80=2g

\(a,PTHH:\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\\ CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\left(2\right)\\ b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(1\right):n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6}{80}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ LTL.pt\left(2\right):0,075>0,05\Rightarrow CuO,dư\\ Theo.pt\left(2\right):n_{Cu}=n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,075-0,05\right).80=2\left(g\right)\)

a)

\(3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\)

b)

Ta có :

\(n_{Fe} = \dfrac{8,4}{56} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{96}{32} = 3(mol)\)

Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{3} = 0,05 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{2} = 1,5\) do đó O₂ dư.

Theo PTHH :

\(n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2\ dư} = 3 - 0,1 = 2,9(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\ dư} = 92,8(gam)\)

c)

\(n_{Fe_3O_4} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe} = 0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4} = 0,05.232 = 11,6(gam)\)

\(a)PTHH:FeCl_3+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

mol                 1          2              1

mol

\(b)\)Số mol \(FeCl_3\) là: \(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{m_{FeCl_3}}{M_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{8,4}{162,5}=0,052\left(mol\right)\)

Số mol \(O_2\) là: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{m_{O_2}}{M_{O_2}}=\dfrac{96}{32}=3\left(mol\right)\)

Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{1}{0,052}>\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow FeCl_3dư\)

Số mol \(FeCl_3\) phản ứng là:

Từ PTHH\(\Rightarrow\) \(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,052\times3}{3}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)

Số mol \(FeCl_3\) dư là: \(n_{FeCl_3dư}=n_{FeCl_3đầu}-n_{FeCl_3p/ứng}=0,052-0,035=0,018\left(mol\right)\)

Khối lượng \(FeCl_3\) dư là: \(m_{FeCl_3dư}=n_{FeCl_3dư}\times M_{FeCl_3}=0,018\times162,5=2,925\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{300\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₃O₄ còn dư, HCl p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\cdot232=14,5\left(g\right)\\m_{muối}=0,0375\cdot127+0,075\cdot162,5=16,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

nFe3O4= 23,2/232=0,1(mol); nHCl = (300.3,65%)/36,5= 0,3(mol)

a) PTHH: Fe3O4 + 8 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + FeCl2 + 4 H2O

b) Ta có: 0,3/8 < 0,1/1

=> Fe3O4 dư, HCl hết, tính theo nHCl.

=> nFe3O4(p.ứ)= nFeCl2= nHCl/8=0,3/8= 0,0375(mol)

=> mFe3O4(dư)= (0,1- 0,0375).232=14,5(g)

c) nFeCl3= 2/8. 0,3= 0,075(mol)

=> mFeCl3= 0,075.162,5=12,1875(g)

mFeCl2= 0,0375. 127=4,7625(g)

=>m(muối)= 12,1875+ 4,7625= 16,95(g)

Phương trình hóa học của phản ứng:

Fe2O3 + 3H2 → 2Fe + 3H2O.

Khử 1 mol Fe2O3 cho 2 mol Fe.

x mol Fe2O3 → 0,2 mol.

x = 0,2 : 2 =0,1 mol.

m = 0,1 .160 =16g.

Khử 1 mol Fe2O3 cần 3 mol H2.

Vậy khử 0,1 mol Fe2O3 cần 0,3 mol H2.

V= 0,3 .22.4 = 6,72l.

Câu 1:

a, Thí nghiệm 1:

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

Thí nghiệm 2:

\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2Fe+3H_2O\)

b, Ta có:

\(n_{Mg}=\frac{13,44}{24}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H2}=n_{MgSO4}=n_{Mg}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H2}=0,56.22,4=12,544\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO4}=0,56.120=67,2\left(g\right)\)

c,\(n_{Fe2O3}=\frac{1}{3}n_{H2}=\frac{1}{3}.0,56=\frac{14}{75}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe2O3}=\frac{14}{75}.160=\frac{448}{15}\left(g\right)\)

Câu 2:

d,

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}3Fe+4H_2O\left(2\right)\)

e, Ta có:

\(n_{H2}=\frac{5,376}{22,4}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH1:

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}=0,48\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=17,52\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{ZnCl2}=n_{H2}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl2}=0,24.136=32,64\left(g\right)\)

f, Theo PTHH2:

\(n_{Fe3O4}=\frac{1}{4}n_{H2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe3O4}=0,06.232=13,92\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\), ta được H₂SO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

a.b.

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{13,8}{23}=0,6mol\)

\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

0,6                                        0,3   ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)

c.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15mol\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)

0,15 <  0,3                                  ( mol )

0,15     0,15                                      ( mol )

Chất dư là H2

\(m_{H_2}=\left(0,3-0,15\right).2=0,3g\)