1. New machines are being used to increase the _____ of crops in our farm this year.
A. yield B. number C. order
Give the correct form of the words in the brackets:
1. Households are encouraged to use electricity . . . in period of shortages (sparing)
2. Farmers should cut down on amount of . . . used in farming (fetile)
3. Thanks to the opening of new road to the village our . . . products can be transfered to the city easily (farm)
Give the correct form of the words in the brackets:
1. Households are encouraged to use electricity .sparingness . . in period of shortages (sparing)
2. Farmers should cut down on amount of . .fertilisers . used in farming (fetile)
3. Thanks to the opening of new road to the village our . farming. . products can be transfered to the city easily (farm)
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
The phrase “avail themselves of” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. take care of
B. make use of
C. get rid of
D. consist of
Chọn đáp án B
- take care of: chăm sóc, trông nom
- make use of: tận dụng, sử dụng
- get rid of: tống khứ
- consist of: bao gồm
“With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment” (Với phần nhiều lực lượng lao động được đưa vào quân đội và giá thóc lúa đang tăng lên, nông dân miền Bắc vội vã tận dụng thiết bị tiết kiệm sức lao động mới)
Do đó: avail themselves of ~ make use of
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
The word “crucial” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. obvious
B. unbelievable
C. important
D. desirable
Chọn đáp án C
- obvious (adj): rõ ràng, hiển nhiên
- unbelievable (adj): không thể tin được
- important (adj): quan trọng
- desirable (adj): đáng thèm muốn
“The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers” (Yếu tố quan trọng nhất đằng sau sự bùng nổ mạnh này trong năng suất là việc áp dụng rộng rãi máy móc tiết kiệm sức lao động của các nông dân phía Bắc)
Do đó: crucial ~ important
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
It can be inferred from the passage that most fanners did not own threshing machines because _________ .
A. farmers did not know how to use the new machines
B. farmers had no space to keep the machines
C. thresher owners had chance to buy the machines before farmers did
D. the machines were too expensive for every farmer to own
Chọn đáp án D
Chúng ta có thể suy ra rằng đa số nông dân không có máy tuốt lúa vì _________.
A. nông dân không biết cách sử dụng máy móc mới
B. nông dân không có chỗ để giữ máy
C. các ông chủ máy tuốt có cơ hội mua máy trước người nông dân
D. máy móc quá đắt đối với nông dân
“Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners .....” (Vì máy tuốt lúa chạy bằng hơi nước có giá đắt - từ 1000 đô la đến 4000 đô la nên chúng thường được sở hữu bởi các ông chủ .....)
1.The teacher wants to increase students' interest in (volunteer) at the community centre.
2.A number of (tradition) family values are still important in the UK nowadays.
3.On top of the list are the values of being (true) and honest.
4.My aunt works (enormous) hard to support her family because her husband died in a car accident a year ago.
5.Parenting (collaborate) can offer children good opportunities for their future.
6.Computers should be made readily (access) to teachers and pupils.
7.Heavy lifting is an action which requires (physic) strength
8.We all feel happy and proud when we see our home (spot) clean at the end of the day.
9.We turned off all the (electric) devices in the house before leaving.
10.A person who bites the hand that feeds him/her is considered to be (grate).
1.The teacher wants to increase students' interest in (volunteer)volunteering at the community centre.
2.A number of (tradition)traditional family values are still important in the UK nowadays.
3.On top of the list are the values of being (true)truthful and honest.
4.My aunt works (enormous)enormously hard to support her family because her husband died in a car accident a year ago.
5.Parenting (collaborate) collaboration can offer children good opportunities for their future.
6.Computers should be made readily (access)accessible to teachers and pupils.
7.Heavy lifting is an action which requires (physic)physical strength
8.We all feel happy and proud when we see our home (spot) spotlessly clean at the end of the day.
9.We turned off all the (electric)electronic devices in the house before leaving.
10.A person who bites the hand that feeds him/her is considered to be (grate)ungrateful .
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
What aspect of farming in the United States in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?
A. How labor-saving machinery increased crop production
B. Why southern farms were not as successful as northern farms
C. Farming practices before the Civil War
D. The increase in the number of people taking up farming
Chọn đáp án A
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận đến khía cạnh nào của nông nghiệp ở nước Mỹ vào thế kỉ 19?
A. Máy móc tiết kiệm sức lao động tăng năng suất mùa màng như thế nào
B. Tại sao các nông trại miền Nam không thành công như nông trại miền Bắc
C. Thực hiện canh tác trước Nội Chiến
D. Tăng số lượng người làm nông nghiệp
Dẫn chứng: - The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers...
- After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced
- The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage
Dịch: - Yếu tố quan trọng nhất đằng sau sự phát triển phi thường của năng suất này là việc áp dụng rộng rãi máy móc tiết kiệm lao động của nông dân miền Bắc...
- Sau khi chiến tranh kết thúc vào năm 1865, máy móc trở nên quan trọng hơn bao giờ hết trong nông nghiệp miền Bắc, và thiết bị được cải tiến liên tục được giới thiệu.
- Việc áp dụng máy móc tiết kiệm lao động có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến việc bán các hoạt động nông nghiệp ở các bang phía bắc, cho phép nông dân tăng diện tích cây trồng rộng lớn của họ)
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.
A. grain stalks
B. horses
C. steam engines
D. threshing
Chọn đáp án D
Từ “they" trong đoạn 2 dề cập đến _________.
“Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly itetns-running from s 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners....” (Vì máy tuốt lúa chạy bằng hơi nước có giá đắt - từ 1000 đô la đến 4000 đô la nên chúng thường được sở hữu bởi các ông chủ .....)
Do đó: they = threshing machines
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
According to the passage, why was the Civil War a stimulus for mechanization?
A. The army needed more grain in order to feed the soldiers.
B. Technology developed for the war could also the used by farmers.
C. It was hoped that harvesting more grain would lower the price of grain.
D. Machines were needed to replace a disappearing labor force.
Chọn đáp án D
Theo bài đọc, tại sao Nội Chiến giúp kích thích việc cơ giới hóa?
A. Quân đội cần nhiều thóc hơn để nuôi binh lính
B. Công nghệ phát triển cho chiến tranh cũng có thế được người nông dân sử dụng
C. Người ta đã hi vọng rằng thu hoạch được thêm nhiều thóc hơn sẽ giúp hạ giá xuống
D. Máy móc cần để thay thế lực lượng lao động bị mất đi
Dẫn chứng: However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. (Tuy nhiên, chính sự bắt đầu cuộc nội chiến vào năm 1861 đã kích thích mạnh việc cơ giới hóa cho nông nghiệp phía bắc. Với phần nhiêu lực lượng lao động được đưa vào quân đội và giá thóc lúa đang tăng lên, nông dân miền Bắc vội vã tận dụng thiết bị tiết kiệm sức tao động mới.)
The ........... rate of student in high schools is said to increase sharply this year.
A. equality
B. gender
C. discrimination
D. enrolment