\(a.\) \(ax^2-a^2x-x+a\)

\(=\left(ax^2-a^2x\right)-\left(x-a\right)\)

\(=ax\left(x-a\right)-\left(x-a\right)\)

\(=\left(ax-1\right)\left(x-a\right)\)

\(b.\) \(18x^3-12x^2+2x\)

\(=2x\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)\)

\(=2x\left(3x-1\right)^2\)

\(c.\) \(x^3-5x^2-4x+20\)

\(=\left(x^3-5x^2\right)-\left(4x-20\right)\)

\(=x^2\left(x-5\right)-4\left(x-5\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x-5\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)\)

\(d.\) \(\left(x+7\right)\left(x+15\right)+15\)

\(=x^2+15x+7x+105+15\)

\(=x^2+22x+120\)

\(=\left(x+10\right)\left(x+12\right)\)

a, Để phân thức trên có nghĩa thì:

      \(3x^3-19x^2+33x-9\ne0\)

 \(\Rightarrow3x^3-9x^2-10x^2+30x+3x-9\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow3x^2\left(x-3\right)-10x\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x-3\right)\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(3x^2-10x+3\right)\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right).\left[3x^2-9x-x+3\right]\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left[3x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)\right]\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2.\left(3x-1\right)\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-3\ne0\\3x-1\ne0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne3\\x\ne\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}}\)

\(a.\left(8x^4-4x^3+x^2\right):2x^2=4x^2-2x+\frac{1}{2}\)

\(b.\left(2x^4-x^3+3x^2\right):\left(-\frac{1}{3x^2}\right)=-6x^6+3x^5-9x^4\)

\(c.\left(-18x^3y^5+12x^2y^2-6xy^3\right):6xy=-3x^2y^4+2xy-y^2\)

\(d.\left(\frac{3}{4x^3y^6}+\frac{6}{5x^4y^5}-\frac{9}{10x^5y}\right):-\frac{3}{5x^3y}=-\frac{5}{4y^5}-\frac{2}{xy^4}-\frac{3}{2x^2}\)

a)  \(3x^2-6x=3x\left(x-2\right).\)

b)   Không thể phân tích thành nhân tử

c)   \(4x^2\left(2x-y\right)-12x\left(2x-y\right)=\left(2x-y\right).\left(4x^2-12\right)=4\left(2x-y\right).\left(x^2-3\right)\)

d)   \(7\left(x-3y\right)-2x\left(3y-x\right)=7\left(x-3y\right)+2x\left(x-3y\right)=\left(x-3y\right).\left(2x+7\right)\)

f)   \(6\left(x-2y\right)-3\left(2y-x\right)=6\left(x-2y\right)+3\left(x-2y\right)=9\left(x-2y\right)\)

b) \(x^3-4x^2-12x+27=\left(x^3+27\right)-\left(4x^2+12x\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-4x\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9-4x\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+9\right)\)

d)   \(x^{16}-1=\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\)

a) \(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2\)

b) \(x^2+8x+16=\left(x+4\right)^2\)

c) \(x^2+6x+9=\left(x+3\right)^2\)

d) \(4x^2+4x+1=\left(2x+1\right)^2\)

e) \(36+x^2-12x=x^2-12x+36=\left(x-6\right)^2\)

f) \(4x^2+12x+9=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)

g) \(x^4+81+18x^2=x^4+18x^2+81=\left(x^2+9\right)^2\)

h) \(9x^2+30xy+25y^2=\left(3x+5y\right)^2\)

a, \(x^2\) + 2\(x\) + 1 = (\(x\) + 1)²

b, \(x^2\) + 8\(x\) + 16 = (\(x\) + 4)²

c, \(x^2\) + 6\(x\) + 9 = (\(x\) + 3)²

d, 4\(x^2\) + 4\(x\) + 1 = (2\(x\) + 1)²