nCaCO3=\(\dfrac{50}{100}\)=0,5(mol)
PTHH: CaCO3+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑
Theo PT ta có: nCaCO3=nCaCl2=nCO2=0,5(mol)
Theo PT ta có: nHCl=0,5.21=1(mol)
⇒mddHCl=\(\dfrac{1.36,5}{20\%}\)=182,5(g)
⇒mddsau−pư=mCaCO3+mHCl−mCO2
⇔mddHCl=50+182,5−22=210,5(g)
⇒C%CaCl2=\(\dfrac{0,5.111}{210,5}\).100%≈26,37%

nCaCO3 = 50/100 = 0,5 (mol(

PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

Mol: 0,5 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,5

mHCl = 1 . 36,5 = 36,5 (g)

mddHCl = 36,5/20% = 182,5 (g)

mCO2 = 0,5 . 44 = 22 (g)

mdd (sau p/ư) = 50 + 182,5 - 22 = 210,5 (g)

mCaCl2 = 0,5 . 111 = 55,5 

C%CaCl2 = 55,5/210,5 = 26,36%

\(b.n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=0,4.0,5+\dfrac{100.1,33.20\%}{40}=0,865\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Na^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\left[NaOH\left(sau\right)\right]=\dfrac{0,865}{0,4+0,1}=1,73\left(M\right)\\ c.n_{HCl}=0,05.0,12=0,006\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HNO_3}=0,15.0,1=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ \left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,006+0,015}{0,05+0,15}=0,105\left(M\right)\\ \left[NO^-_3\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,05+0,15}=0,075\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,006}{0,05+0,15}=0,03\left(M\right)\)

\(d.n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.0,05=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,35.0,2=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ \left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02.2+0,07}{0,05+0,35}=0,275\left(M\right)\\ \left[SO^{2-}_4\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,05+0,35}=0,05\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,07}{0,05+0,35}=0,175\left(M\right)\\ f.n_{KOH}=\dfrac{20.1,31.32\%}{56}=\dfrac{131}{875}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,08.1=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ \left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{131}{875}+0,08.2}{0,02+0,08}=\dfrac{542}{175}\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,08}{0,02+0,08}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{131}{875}}{0,02+0,08}=\dfrac{262}{175}\left(M\right)\)

Bài 2. Cho 8g Fe2O3 tác dụng vừa đủ với dd HCl 20% (D = 1,1g/ml). Hãy tính: a. Thể tích dd HCl đã dùng b. Nồng độ % dd thu được sau phản ứng

a) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

\(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{20\%}=54,75\left(g\right)\)

=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{D}=\dfrac{54,75}{1,1}=49,77\left(g\right)\)

b) \(m_{ddsaupu}=8+54,75=62,75\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,05.2.162,5}{62,75}.100=25,9\%\)

NaBr + AgNO₃ \(\rightarrow\)AgBr + NaNO₃
NaCl + AgNO₃ \(\rightarrow\) AgCl + NaNO₃

_{\(C_M=0,5M\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)}

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol NaBr và NaCl
Ta có : x + y = 0,025
103x - 58,5y = 0 

\(\Rightarrow x=9,0557.10^{-3};y=0,01594\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%=\frac{0,594.58,5}{50}.100\%=1,865\%\)

NaBr + AgNO3 →→AgBr + NaNO3
NaCl + AgNO3 →→ AgCl + NaNO3

CM=0,5M⇒nAgNO3=0,025(mol)CM=0,5M⇒nAgNO3=0,025(mol)

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol NaBr và NaCl
Ta có : x + y = 0,025
103x - 58,5y = 0 

⇒x=9,0557.10−3;y=0,01594⇒x=9,0557.10−3;y=0,01594

⇒C%=0,594.58,550.100%=1,865%⇒C%=0,594.58,550.100%=1,865%

a) \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

0,1................0,3

LẬp tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\)=> Sau pứ HCl dư

\(m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\)

b) \(CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,3}=0,2M\)

\(CM_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,1\right)}{0,2+0,3}=0,4M\)

mH2S= 5.1g

nH2S= 0.15 (mol)

nNaOH= 0.25 (mol)

T=nNaOH/nH2S= 0.25/0.151.7

1<T<2 => tạo ra 2 muối Na2S và NaHS

Đặt: nNa2S= x (mol), nNaHS= y (mol)

2NaOH + H2S --> Na2S + 2H2O

NaOH + H2O --> NaHS + H2O

nNaOH= 2x + y = 0.25 (mol) (1)

nH2S= x +y= 0.15 (mol) (2)

Giải pt (1) và (2) :

x= 0.1

y=0.05

mNa2S= 0.1*78=7.8g

mNaHS= 0.05*56=2.8g

2/ 2H2S + 3O2 -to-> 2SO2 + 2H2O

nH2S= 8.96/22.4= 0.4 (mol)

Từ PTHH trên có: nSO2= 0.4 (mol)

mddNaOH= 50*1.28=64g

mNaOH= 64*25/100=16g

nNaOH= 0.4

T= nNaOH/nH2S=1 => chỉ tạo ra muối NaHS

mNaHS= 0.4*56=22.4g

Chúc bạn học tốt <3

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{100}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5.2}{1}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mdd_{HCl}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mdd_{sau-pư}=m_{CaCO_3}+m_{HCl}-m_{CO_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow mdd_{HCl}=50+182,5-22=210,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{mct}{mdd}.100\%=\dfrac{0,5.111}{210,5}.100\%\approx26,37\%\)

\(n_{HCl.5M}=0,05\times5=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl.30\%}=200\times1,33=266\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl.30\%}=266\times30\%=79,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl.30\%}=\frac{79,8}{36,5}=\frac{798}{365}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}mới=0,25+\frac{798}{365}=\frac{3557}{1460}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Sigma V_{ddHCl}mới=50+200=250\left(ml\right)=0,25\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}mới=\frac{3557}{1460}\div0,25=9,75\left(M\right)\)