Two of the most (1) _____________holidays in the United States are Independence DayandThanksgivingDay. The fourth of July marks the American (2) _____________ of independence from Britain. Most towns, big or small, celebrate the fourth of July with (3) _________________and fireworks. Families (4)  __________ with

barbecues or picnics. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in fall, on the fourth Thursday in November. It is a day (5) _____________ people give thanks to the harvest. Most families (6) ____________a large dinner with roast turkey. (7) ______________Independence Day and Thanksgiving Day are national (8) _____________.

Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the United States has published a report on the most stressful jobs in the US as compared to 1983. The results are sometimes surprising, and sometimes pretty predictable. A Carnegie Mellon looked at a job stress study from 1983, and it’s interesting to compare this year’s results with the research from that year. In doing so, you can get an interesting snapshot of changes in US society between then and now, especially if you focus on the top ten most stressful jobs. Some jobs have increased in stress levels, while others have remained the same. B For example, in 1987, firefighters, pilots, senior executives, broadcasters, and police officers were all at the top of the list. And today, they remain high-stress jobs. Today, a firefighter has a score of 60.5, police officer has a stress score of 53.8, a broadcaster is 47.3, and an executive is 48.4. C Another interesting point is that the most stressful job this year is a military officer. The least stressful job is an information security analyst, which ranks at 3.8 out of 100. Also, according to the study, being an airline pilot is just as stressful as being a firefighter, at 60.5. Other stressful jobs include event coordinator (40.9), public relations executive (48.4), and taxi driver (46.3).D Other occupations also reveal interesting results – some of the least stressful jobs are a librarian (10.6), a hairstylist (7.5), and a medical laboratory technician (9.0). Somewhat surprisingly, a university professor is only 6.9 on the stress scale, but only for “tenured” professors, which means it’s very difficult to lose your job. However, all jobs in 2016 are more stressful than in 1983, as there is more pressure to make money and no ability to turn off information. The combination of these two factors heightens stress for all occupations. 1. Firefighters have the highest stress level in the latest report. 2. Librarians have the higher stress level than university professors. 3. The least stressful job in the latest report is university professors in general. 4. All occupations’ stress levels decreased over a period of 33 years, from 1983 to 2016. True False nha mn

Jeans are the most popular kind of clothing in the world. They are popular almost everywhere, in Japan, France, Indonesia and Brazil. Rich people and poor people wear them. Young people and even some old people wear them, too. In the United States, they are only kind of traditional clothes. In other countries, young people wear them because they want to look modern. Jeans are sign of youth and independence. Everyone wants to be modern, young and independent.

                                                                                                                                                             TRUE / FALSE

19. Everyone in the world wears jeans                                                                                                                                                                  …………………..

20. Jeans are the only kind of traditional clothes in the world.                                                                                                                                                                …………………..

21. Young people look modern when they wear jeans.                                                                                                                                                                                                      …………………..

22. Jeans can only be seen in Asia.                                                                                                                                                                                        …………………..    

23. What does the word “them” in line 2 refer to?

      A. rich people                                                                             B. poor people                                                                                                              

      C. Japan, France, Indonesia and Brazil                                          D. Jeans

24. What is the main idea of this passage?

      A. Jeans are the most popular kind of clothing in the world.           C. Young people wear jeans.

      B. Jeans are only kind of traditional clothes.                                 D. Old people wear jeans.

4. In the United States today there are more than half a million criminals serving time in prison. Most prisoners are male high-school dropouts between the ages of 18 and 19. Even more shocking in the fact that the number and rate of imprisonment has more than doubled over the past twenty years, and the recidivism - that is, the rate for rearrest - is more than 60 percent.

Although the stated goal of most prison systems, on both federal and state levels, is to rehabiliatate the inmates and reintagrate them into society, the systems themselves do not support such a result. Prisons are usually geographically or psychologically isolated and terribly overcrowded. Even in the more enlightened prisons, only one-third of the inmates have vocational training opportunities or work release options.

If prisons are indeed to achieve the goal of rehabilitating offenders, then the prisons themselves will have to change. First, they will have to be smaller, housing no more than five hundred prisoners. Second, they will have to be built in or near population centers with community resources available for gradual reintegration into society. Finally, prison programs must be restructured to include work release and vocational and academic training that promises carry over into the inmate’s life after release. Models for such collaborative efforts between the criminal justice system and the community already exist in several hundred half-way houses throughout the country. 

1. What is the author’s main point?

A. Prisons must be restructured if they are to accomplish the goal of rehabilitation.

B. Models for community collaboration have been successful.

C. Most of the criminals serving time in prison are high-school dropouts.

D. The criminal justice system must establish a better goal.

2. According to the author, how many prisoners are offered training or work release?

A. None                      B. 33.33 percent                      C. 50 percent                           D. 60 percent

3. The author mentions all the following as necessary to prison reform EXCEPT

A. newer buildings                                                      C. vocational   training                                   

B. smaller institutions                                                 D.collaboration with the community

4. The word “recidicism” in line 4 refers to

A. all people who are imprisoned                               C. people who drop out of high school

B. people who return to prison after release               D. people who have been in prison for a long time

5. The paragraph following this passage most probably discusses

A. the goals of most state and federal prisons                       

B. the cost of prison reform

C. examples of models for community collaboration

D. problems with the current criminal justice system

VI. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable words.

      Two of the most (1)          holidays in the United States are Independence Day and Thanksgiving Day. The fourth of July marks the American (2)            of independence from Britain. Most towns, big or small, celebrate the fourth of July with (3)                        and fireworks. Families (4)    with barbecues or picnics. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in fall, on the fourth Thursday in November. It is a day (5)                     people give thanks to the harvest. Most families (6)         a large dinner with roast turkey. (7)                Independence Day and Thanksgiving Day are national (8)                  .