\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0=>x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0=>x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+xy\ge5xy\\2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+xy\ge-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\ge5xy\\1\ge-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{3}\le xy\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Ta có:

P=\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4x^2y^2+2+\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\)

P= \(\dfrac{2\left(1-xy\right)^2}{4}-4\left(xy\right)^2+2+\left(\dfrac{1-xy}{2}+2xy\right)\)

=\(\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2-2xy+1}{2}-4\left(xy\right)^2+2+\dfrac{3xy}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đặt t = xy => \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\le t\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Ta có : 

P= \(\dfrac{-7t^2}{2}+\dfrac{t}{2}+3=-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(t-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)^2+\dfrac{169}{56}\)

Ta có: \(-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{14}\le t-\dfrac{1}{14}\le\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{14}\)

<=>\(-\dfrac{17}{42}\le t-\dfrac{1}{14}\le\dfrac{9}{70}\)

=> 0\(\le\left(t-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)^2\le\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\)

\(\dfrac{169}{56}\ge P\ge\dfrac{169}{56}-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\)

Max P= \(\dfrac{169}{56}\) => t = 1/14 => \(xy=\dfrac{1}{14}\rightarrow x^2+y^2=\dfrac{13}{14}\) => x,y=...

Min P=\(\dfrac{169}{56}-\dfrac{7}{6}\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\) <=> \(t=xy=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

<=> x=-y=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) 

1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:

\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).

2.

\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)

Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)

\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )

\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)

\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)

3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có: \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=1+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=\frac{1+xy}{2}\)

\(P=7\left(x^4+y^4\right)+4x^2y^2\)

\(=7x^4+7y^4+4x^2y^2\)

\(\Rightarrow P=28x^3+28y^3+16xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=0\Leftrightarrow28x^3+28y^3+16xy=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=4\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{Min}=15\) và \(Max_P=\frac{12}{33}\)

pro rồi thì bạn cần gì mình giải nhỉ

??

\(A=x-2y+3\Rightarrow x=A+2y-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2y+A-3\right)^2+y\left(A+2y-3\right)+2y^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8y^2+\left(5A-15\right)y+A^2-6A+8=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(5A-15\right)^2-32\left(A^2-6A+8\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-7A^2+42A-31\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{21-4\sqrt{14}}{7}\le A\le\dfrac{21+4\sqrt{14}}{7}\)

Bài 2: Ta có: x, y, z không âm và \(x+y+z=\frac{3}{2}\)nên \(0\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow2-x>0\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM dạng \(ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\), ta được: \(x+2xy+4xyz=x+4xy\left(z+\frac{1}{2}\right)\le x+4x.\frac{\left(y+z+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}{4}=x+x\left(2-x\right)^2\)

Ta cần chứng minh \(x+x\left(2-x\right)^2\le2\Leftrightarrow\left(2-x\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(1,\frac{1}{2},0\right)\)

Bài 3: Áp dụng đánh giá quen thuộc \(4ab\le\left(a+b\right)^2\), ta có: \(2\le\left(x+y\right)^3+4xy\le\left(x+y\right)^3+\left(x+y\right)^2\)

Đặt x + y = t thì ta được: \(t^3+t^2-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)\left(t^2+2t+2\right)\ge0\Rightarrow t\ge1\)(dễ thấy \(t^2+2t+2>0\forall t\))

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

\(P=3\left(x^4+y^4+x^2y^2\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+1=3\left[\frac{3}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2\right]-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+1\ge\frac{9}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+1\)\(=\frac{9}{4}\left[\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\right]-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\frac{7}{16}\ge\frac{9}{4}.2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2.\frac{1}{4}}-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\frac{7}{16}=\frac{9}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\frac{7}{16}=\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\frac{7}{16}\ge\frac{1}{8}+\frac{7}{16}=\frac{9}{16}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = ¹/₂

Bài 4: Theo giả thiết, ta có: \(x\left(x+y+z\right)=3yz\)(*)

Vì x > 0 nên chia cả hai vế của (*) cho x², ta được: \(1+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}=3.\frac{y}{x}.\frac{z}{x}\)

+) \(\left(x+y\right)^3+\left(y+z\right)^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\le5\left(y+z\right)^3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)^3+\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}\right)^3+3\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\le5\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}\right)^3\)(Chia hai vế của bất đẳng thức cho x³)

Đặt \(s=\frac{y}{x},t=\frac{z}{x}\left(s,t>0\right)\)thì giả thiết trở thành \(1+s+t=3st\)và ta cần chứng minh \(\left(1+s\right)^3+\left(1+t\right)^3+3\left(s+t\right)\left(1+s\right)\left(1+t\right)\le5\left(s+t\right)^3\)(**)

Ta có: \(1+s+t=3st\le\frac{3}{4}\left(s+t\right)^2\Leftrightarrow3\left(s+t\right)^2-4\left(s+t\right)-4\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left[3\left(s+t\right)+2\right]\left(a+b-2\right)\ge0\Rightarrow s+t\ge2\)(do \(3\left(s+t\right)+2>0\forall s,t>0\))

Đặt \(s+t=f\)thì \(f\ge2\)

(**)\(\Leftrightarrow4f^3-6f^2-4f\ge0\Leftrightarrow f\left(2f+1\right)\left(f-2\right)\ge0\)*đúng với mọi \(f\ge2\)*

Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z

\(4\le\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow2\le\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\Rightarrow x+y\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y}=x+y\ge2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)

Trước hết áp dụng BĐT: \(ab\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)

Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{x}+1+\sqrt{y}+1\right)^2\)

Mà \(\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\ge4\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\right)^2\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\right)^2\ge4^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\ge2\)

Lại áp dụng tiếp: \(\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Rightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)

Ta được: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\ge2\)

Bình phương lên: \(2\left(x+y\right)\ge4\Rightarrow x+y\ge2\)

Phần cuối chắc là hoàn toàn cơ bản rồi

Bài 1: 

ĐK: \(x,y\ge-2\)

Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+2}-y^3=\sqrt{y+2}-x^3\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{y+2}}=0\)

=> x-y=0=>x=y

Thay y=x vào B ta được:  B=x²+2x+10\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+9\ge9\forall x\ge-2\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> x+1=0=>x=-1 (tmđk)

Vậy Min B =9 khi x=y=-1

10x100=