a)

Ta có \(A=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\cos 2x\cos^2xdx=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\cos 2x(\cos 2x+1)d(2x)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}\cos x(\cos x+1)dx=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}\cos xdx+\frac{1}{8}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}(\cos 2x+1)dx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\sin x+\frac{1}{16}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\sin 2x+\frac{1}{8}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|x=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\pi}{16}\)

b)

\(B=\int ^{1}_{\frac{1}{2}}\frac{e^x}{e^{2x}-1}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{1}_{\frac{1}{2}}\left ( \frac{1}{e^x-1}-\frac{1}{e^x+1} \right )d(e^x)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ \frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right|\left | \frac{e^x-1}{e^x+1} \right |\approx 0.317\)

c)

Có \(C=\int ^{1}_{0}\frac{(x+2)\ln(x+1)}{(x+1)^2}d(x+1)\).

Đặt \(x+1=t\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{(t+1)\ln t}{t^2}dt=\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t}dt+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt\)

\(=\int ^{2}_{1}\ln td(\ln t)+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt=\frac{\ln ^22}{2}+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln t\\ dv=\frac{dt}{t^2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dt}{t}\\ v=\frac{-1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt=\left.\begin{matrix} 2\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|-\frac{\ln t+1}{t}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{\ln 2 }{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{\ln 2}{2}+\frac{\ln ^22}{2}\)

d)

\(D=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{x\sin x+(x+1)\cos x}{x\sin x+\cos x}dx=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}dx+\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{x\cos x}{x\sin x+\cos x}dx\)

Ta có:

\(\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}dx=\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{4}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|x=\frac{\pi}{4}\)

\(\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{x\cos xdx}{x\sin x+\cos x}=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{d(x\sin x+\cos x)}{x\sin x+\cos x}=\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{4}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\ln |x\sin x+\cos x|\)

\(=\ln|\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}|\)

Suy ra \(D=\frac{\pi}{4}+\ln|\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}|\)

a) \(\int\dfrac{2dx}{x^2-5x}=\int\left(\dfrac{-2}{5x}+\dfrac{2}{5\left(x-5\right)}\right)dx=-\dfrac{2}{5}ln\left|x\right|+\dfrac{2}{5}ln\left|x-5\right|+C\)

\(\Rightarrow A=-\dfrac{2}{5};B=\dfrac{2}{5}\Rightarrow2A-3B=-2\)

b) \(\int\dfrac{x^3-1}{x+1}dx=\int\dfrac{x^3+1-2}{x+1}dx=\int\left(x^2-x+1-\dfrac{2}{x+1}\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3-\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+x-2ln\left|x+1\right|+C\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{3};B=\dfrac{1}{2};E=-2\Rightarrow A-B+E=-\dfrac{13}{6}\)

\(\int\left(3x^2-2x-4\right)dx=x^3-x^2-4x+C\)

\(\int\left(sin3x-cos4x\right)dx=-\dfrac{1}{3}cos3x-\dfrac{1}{4}sin4x+C\)

\(\int\left(e^{-3x}-4^x\right)dx=-\dfrac{1}{3}e^{-3x}-\dfrac{4^x}{ln4}+C\)

d. \(I=\int lnxdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow u=x.lnx-\int dx=x.lnx-x+C\)

e. Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=x.e^x-\int e^xdx=x.e^x-e^x+C\)

f.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+1\\dv=sinxdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=-cosx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\left(x+1\right)cosx+\int cosxdx=-\left(x+1\right)cosx+sinx+C\)

g.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2.lnx-\dfrac{1}{2}\int xdx=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2.lnx-\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+C\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\int\limits^1_0\ln\left(1+x^2\right)d\left(1+x^2\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(1+x^2\right)\ln\left(1+x^2\right)\right]|^1_0-\int\limits^1_0d\left(1+x^2\right)\)

                                          \(=\frac{1}{2}\left[2\ln2-\left(1+x^2\right)|^1_0\right]=\frac{\left(2\ln2-1\right)}{2}\)

a)

Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x-3}\Rightarrow x=u^2+3\)

\(I_1=\int (2x-3)\sqrt{x-3}dx=\int (2u^2+3)ud(u^2+3)=2\int (2u^2+3)u^2du\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_1=4\int u^4du+6\int u^2du=\frac{4u^5}{5}+2u^3+c\)

b)

\(I_2=\int \frac{xdx}{\sqrt{(x^2+1)^3}}=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{d(x^2+1)}{\sqrt{(x^2+1)^2}}\)

Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x^2+1}\). Khi đó:

\(I_2=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{d(u^2)}{u^3}=\int \frac{udu}{u^3}=\int \frac{du}{u^2}=\frac{-1}{u}+c\)

c)

\(I_3=\int \frac{e^xdx}{e^x+e^{-x}}=\int \frac{e^{2x}dx}{e^{2x}+1}=\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{d(e^{2x}+1)}{e^{2x}+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_3=\frac{1}{3}\ln |e^{2x}+1|+c=\frac{1}{2}\ln|u|+c\)

d)

\(I_4=\int \frac{dx}{\sin x-\sin a}=\int \frac{dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2}-\frac{x-a}{2} \right )dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}=\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\cos \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )dx}{2\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}+\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\sin \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{\cos a}\left ( \ln |\sin \frac{x-a}{2}|-\ln |\cos \frac{x+a}{2}| \right )+c\)

e)

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow x=t^2\)

\(I_5=\int t\sin td(t^2)=2\int t^2\sin tdt\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=t^2\\ dv=\sin tdt\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=2tdt\\ v=-\cos t\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I_5=-2t^2\cos t+4\int t\cos tdt\)

Tiếp tục nguyên hàm từng phần \(\Rightarrow \int t\cos tdt=t\sin t+\cos t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow I_5=-2t^2\cos t+4t\sin t+4\cos t+c\)

g)

Có \(I_6=\int x\ln \left ( \frac{x}{x+1} \right )dx=\int x\ln xdx-\int x\ln (x+1)dx\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln x\\ dv=xdx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dx}{x}\\ v=\frac{x^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int x\ln xdx=\frac{x^2\ln x}{2}-\int \frac{xdx}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \int x\ln xdx=\frac{x^2\ln x}{2}-\frac{x^2}{4}+c\)

Tương tự, \(\int x\ln (x+1)dx=\frac{x^2\ln (x+1)}{2}-\int \frac{x^2}{2(x+1)}dx\)

\(=\frac{x^2\ln (x+1)}{2}-\frac{x^2}{4}+\frac{x}{2}-\frac{\ln (x+1)}{2}+c\)

Suy ra \(I_5=\frac{x^2}{2}\ln \frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\ln|x+1|-\frac{x}{2}+c\)