a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c, Cách 1:

Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

Cách 2:

Ta có: \(m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_Al + m_HCl = m_AlCl3 + m_H2

⇒ m_AlCl3 = m_Al + m_HCl - m_H2 = 5,4 + 21,9 - 0,6 = 26,7 (g)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)

        2          6               2           3

       0,2                        0,2        0,3

      \(Al_2O_2+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)

           1           6              2            3

          0,2                        0,4

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

   \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

  \(m_{Al2O3}=25,8-5,4=20,4\left(g\right)\)

b) Có : \(m_{Al2O3}=20,4\left(g\right)\)

    \(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{AlCl3\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,6.133,5=80,1\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Mol:   0,03      0,1       0,03      0,05

m_Al=0,03.27=0,9 (g)

m_HCl = 0,1.36,5 = 3,65 (g)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)

Refer

\(a,\) Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Al}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+27y=22(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,2(mol)\\ y=0,4(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{22}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\% \end{cases} \)

\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=0,4+1,2=1,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6.36,5}{3,7\%}=1578,38\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\a, Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,V\text{ì}:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow Zn\text{dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b, m_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,1=13,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Cl}=n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{muối}=m_{kl}+m_{Cl}=11+0.8\cdot35.5=39.4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 1:

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)

Bài 12:

Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:

\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

2Al+6Hcl->2AlCl₃+3H₂

x-----------------x--------3\2x

Fe+2HCl->FeCl₂+H₂

y-----------------y------y 

Ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=9,65\\\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,325\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=0,15 mol, y=0,1 mol

=>m Al=0,15.27=4,05g

=>m Fe=56.0,1=5,6g

b)

=>m AlCl3=0,15.133,5=20,025g

=>m FeCl2=0,1.127=12,7g

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al\\Fe\end{matrix}\right.+HCl->\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl3\\FeCl2\end{matrix}\right.+7,28lH2\)

a, 

Ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=9,65\\3x+2y=0,65\left(bt-e\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mAl=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\\mFe=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b,

Bảo toàn nguyên tố :

nAl = nAlCl3 = 0,15 ( mol )

nFe = nFeCl2 = 0,1 ( mol )

Khối lượng chất tan A :

m = 0,15 . 133,5 + 0,1 . 127 = 32,725(g)