\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4(mol)\\ CuO+2HCl\to CuCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,8(mol);n_{CuCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,4(mol)\\ a,m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{20\%}=146(g)\\ b,m_{CuCl_2}=0,4.135=54(g)\\ c,C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{54}{32+146-0,4.2}.100\%=30,47\%\)

\(CuO + 2HCl \rightarrow CuCl_2 + H_2O\)

\(n_{CuO}= \dfrac{32}{80}= 0,4 mol\)

Theo PTHH:

\(n_{HCl}= 2n_{CuO}= 0,8 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}= 0,8 . 36,5=29,2 g\)

\(\rightarrow m_{dd HCl}= \dfrac{29,2 . 100%}{20%}= 146 g\)

b) Muối tạo thành là CuCl₂

Theo PTHH:

\(n_{CuCl_2}= n_{CuO}= 0,4 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2}= 0,4 . 135= 54g\)

c)

\(m_{dd sau pư}= m_{CuO} + m_{dd HCl}= 32 + 146=178 g\)

C%= \(\dfrac{54}{178} . 100\)%= 30,337 %

\(-\) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(pt:CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CUCl_2+H_2O\)

 \(a,\) 

\(-\) \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{CuO}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\) \(m_{HCl}=0,8.36,5=29,2\left(gam\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(m_{ddHCl}=29,2:20\%=146\left(gam\right)\)

\(b,\)

\(-\) \(n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\) \(m_{CuCl_2}=0,4.135=54\left(gam\right)\)

\(c,\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=32+146=178\left(gam\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{54}{178}.100\%=30,34\%\)

\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot8}{100}=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4mol\)

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

 0,4           0,4         0,4        0,4

a)\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\) 

 \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3}\cdot100=200\left(g\right)\)

b)\(m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\)

   \(m_{H_2O}=0,4\cdot18=7,2\left(g\right)\)

   \(m_{ddsau}=200+200-7,2=392,8\left(g\right)\)

   \(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{23,4}{392,8}\cdot100=5,96\%\)

c) \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

     \(2NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)

         0,4          0,3         0,3              0,3

     \(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot142=42,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{100\%.40}=0,25(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.20\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,2(mol)\\ a,NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư

\(b,n_{NaOH(dư)}=0,25-0,2=0,05(mol);n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{dd sau p/ứ}}=0,2.58,5+0,05.40=13,7(g)\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\\ d,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=0,85\%\\ C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=4,96\% \end{cases}\)

\(a.HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

PỨ trung hoà 

\(b,n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}0,1mol\\ m=m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85g\\ d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.10}{100.36,5}=0,2mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl,pứ}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ m_{HCl,dư}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).36,5=3,65g\)

a) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)

\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe(OH)3 và Cu(OH)2 

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}107x+98y=20,5\\160.\dfrac{x}{2}+80y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x= 0,1 ; y=0,1

=> \(\%m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.107}{20,5}.100=52,2\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=47,8\%\)

b) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)

\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2H_2O\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.\dfrac{3}{2}+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=20,5+122,5=143\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.400}{143}.100=13,97\%\)

\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{143}.100=11,19\%\)

c) \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.3+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=122,5.110\%=134,75\left(g\right)\)

nH2=\(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25(mol)=nFeCl2nH2=5,622,4=0,25(mol)=nFeCl2

⇒mFeCl2=0,25⋅127=31,75(g)⇒mFeCl2=0,25⋅127=31,75(g)

c) Theo PTHH: nH2=nFe=0,25molnH2=nFe=0,25mol ⇒mFe=0,25⋅56=14(g)

⇒mFe=0,25⋅56=14(g)

⇒%mF

Bài 1 :

PTHH : Zn + H₂SO₄ ------> ZnSO₄ + H₂

\(n_{Zn}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH : n_H2 = n_Zn = 0,4 mol

=> Khối lượng H₂ được tạo ra ở đktc là :

\(V=n\times22,4\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,4\times22,4\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=8,96\left(l\right)\)

Theo PTHH : n_ZnSO4 = n_Zn = 0,4 mol

=> Khối lượng muối được tạo thành là :

\(m=n\times M\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,4\times161\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=64,4\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PT : \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> Khối lượng \(H_2SO_4\)cần dùng cho phản ứng là :

\(m=n\times M\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\times98\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=39,2\left(g\right)\)

c) Nồng độ phần trăm thu được sau phản ứng là :

\(C\%=\frac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\times100\%\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%=\frac{39,2}{64,4}\times100\%\approx60,9\%\)

Vậy :.........................

a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{FeCl_2}\) 

\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,25\cdot127=31,75\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{20}\cdot100\%=70\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=30\%\)

d) Sửa đề cho dễ làm: "dd HCl 7,3%"

Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,5mol\) 

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=250\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{250}{1,03}\approx242,72\left(ml\right)\)

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