a, \(x^2\) + 4\(x\) - y² + 4

= (\(x^2\) + 4\(x\) + 4) - y²

= (\(x\) + 2)² - y²

= (\(x\) + 2 - y)(\(x\) + 2 + y)

b, 2\(x^2\) - 18

= 2.(\(x^2\) -9)

= 2.(\(x\) -3).(\(x\) + 3)

c, \(x^3\) - \(x^2\) - \(x\) + 1

= (\(x^3\) + 1) - (\(x^2\) +  \(x\))

= (\(x\) + 1)(\(x\)² - \(x\) + 1) - \(x\).(\(x\) + 1)

=(\(x\) + 1).(\(x^2\) - \(x\) + 1  - \(x\))

= (\(x\) + 1).(\(x\) - 1)²

\(A=\left(9y^2-6xy+12y\right)+4x^2-16x+2012\)

\(=\left[\left(3y\right)^2-2.3y\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)^2\right]-\left(x-2\right)^2+4x^2-16x+2012\)

\(=\left(3y-x+2\right)^2+3x^2-12x+2008\)

\(=\left(3y-x+2\right)^2+3\left(x^2-2.x.2+4\right)-3.4+2008\)

\(=\left(3y-x+2\right)^2+3\left(x-2\right)^2+1996\ge1996\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-x+2=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)

1:

a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4

=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2

b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4

=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2

e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2

f: x^2-4x+7

=x^2-4x+4+3

=(x-2)^2+3>=3

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2

2:

a: A=2x^2+4x+9

=2x^2+4x+2+7

=2(x^2+2x+1)+7

=2(x+1)^2+7>=7

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1

b: x^2+2x+4

=x^2+2x+1+3

=(x+1)^2+3>=3

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1

\(C=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-8y+16\right)+22\\ =-\left(x^2+2x.2+2^2\right)-\left(y^2-2.y.4+4^2\right)+22\\ =-\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(y-4\right)^2+22\\ Vậy:max_C=22.khi.x=-2.và.y=4\)