giả sử có 100g KMnO4, KClO3

⇒m chất rắn =75g

2KMnO4\(\underrightarrow{^{to}}\)K2MnO4+MnO2+O2

x___________x/2_____ x /2__ x/2 (mol)

2KClO3→2KCl+3O2

y _________y___3y/2

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\text{158x+122.5y=100}\\\text{142x+74.5y=75 }\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\text{x=0.3}\\\text{y=0.4 }\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒mKMnO4⇒%

⇒mKClO3⇒%

Gọi số mol KMnO4 là a; KClO3 là b

-> m hỗn hợp ban đầu=158a + 122,5b

Nung hỗn hợp

2KMnO4 -to> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

2KClO3 -to> 2KCl + 3O2

-> nK2MnO4=nMnO2=1/2nKMnO4=0,5a

-> nKCl=nKClO3=b

-> m rắn=mK2MnO4 +mMnO2 +mKCl=197.0,5a +87.0,5a+74,5b=142a+74,5b

-> 142a+74,5b=75%(158a+122,5b)=118,5a+91,875b

->23,5a=17,375b

-> a=0,74b

-> %mKMnO4=158a/(158a+122,5b) =48,8% -> %mKClO3=51,2%

n

nham

Gọi n KMnO4 = a 

       n KClO3 = b ( mol ) 

--> 158a + 122,5 b = 43,3 

PTHH :

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)

0,9b                       1,35b

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)

0,9a                                             0,45a 

\(\%Mn=\dfrac{55a}{43,3-32\left(0,45a+1,35b\right)}=24,103\%\)

\(\rightarrow a=0,15\)

\(b=0,16\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,15.158=23,7\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=0,16.122,5=19,6\left(g\right)\)

Gọi số mol KMnO₄, KClO₃ là a, b

=> 158a + 122,5b = 49,975

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

m_O2 = m_giảm = 10,4

=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,4}{32}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)

=> 0,5a + 1,5b = 0,325

=> a = 0,2; b = 0,15

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%KMnO_4=\dfrac{0,2.158}{49,975}.100\%=63,23\%\\\%KClO_3=\dfrac{0,15.122,5}{49,975}.100\%=36,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi số mol KMnO₄, KClO₃ là a, b

=> 158a + 122,5b = 49,975

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

_______a----------------------------------->a

2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

_b---------------------->1,5b

m_O2 = m_giảm = 10,4

=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,4}{32}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)

=> 0,5a + 1,5b = 0,325

=> a = 0,2; b = 0,15

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%KMnO_4=\dfrac{0,2.158}{49,975}.100\%=63,23\%\\\%KClO_3=\dfrac{0,15.122,5}{49,975}.100\%=36,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi $n_{KMnO_4} = a(mol) ; n_{KClO_3} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 158a + 122,5b = 49,975(1)$

$2KMnO_4  \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
$2KClO_3  \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$

$m_{O_2} = m_{giảm} = 4(gam)$

$\Rightarrow n_{O_2} = 0,5a + 1,5b = \dfrac{4}{32} = 0,125(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,339 ; b = -0,029 < 0

(Sai đề)

Câu 1.

giả sử có 100g KMnO4, KClO3

⇒m chất rắn =75g

2KMnO4 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) K2MnO4+MnO2+O2

x___________x/2_____ x /2__ x/2 (mol)

2KClO3→2KCl+3O2

y _________y___3y/2

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}158x+122.5y=100\\142x+74.5y=75\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)\

⇒mKMnO4⇒%

⇒mKClO3⇒%

chắc là 4,72g chứ, sao 0,035 mol Ba(OH)₂ ra được 4,72kg BaCO₃

a) 

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KClO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{KMnO_4}=2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCO_3}=3a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m_A = 122,5a + 316a + 300a = 738,5a (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{122,5a}{738,5a}.100\%=16,588\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{316a}{738,5a}.100\%=42,789\%\\\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{300a}{738,5a}.100\%=40,623\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

                 a------------>a---->1,5a

            2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

                2a-------------->a---------->a------->a

            CaCO₃ --t^o--> CaO + CO₂

               3a----------->3a---->3a

B chứa\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}KCl:a\left(mol\right)\\K_2MnO_4:a\left(mol\right)\\MnO_2:a\left(mol\right)\\CaO:3a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m_B = 74,5a + 197a + 87a + 168a = 526,5a (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KCl}=\dfrac{74,5a}{526,5a}.100\%=14,15\%\\\%m_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{197a}{526,5a}.100\%=37,417\%\\\%m_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{87a}{526,5a}.100\%=16,524\%\\\%m_{CaO}=\dfrac{168a}{526,5a}.100\%=31,909\%\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

khí C chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}O_2:2,5a\left(mol\right)\\CO_2:3a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5.0,07=0,035\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{4,72}{197}\approx0,024\left(mol\right)\)

TH1: Nễu kết tủa không bị hòa tan

PTHH: Ba(OH)₂ + CO₂ --> BaCO₃ + H₂O

                            0,024<--0,024

=> 3a = 0,024 

=> a = 0,008 

V = (2,5a + 3a).22,4 = 0,9856 (l)

m_A = 738,5a = 5,908 (g)

TH2: Nếu kết tủa bị hòa tan 1 phần

PTHH: Ba(OH)₂ + CO₂ --> BaCO₃ + H₂O

             0,035--->0,035--->0,035

            BaCO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O --> Ba(HCO₃)₂

           0,011--->0,011

=> 3a = 0,035 + 0,011 

=> a = \(\dfrac{23}{1500}\)

=> V = (2,5a + 3a).22,4 = 1,889 (l)

m_A = 738,5a = 11,3237 (g)

Chọn đáp án B