2Al + 2NaOH + 2H₂O \(\rightarrow\) 2NaAlO₂ + 3H₂

CR X là Fe

Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl₂ + H₂

0,1 <----------------------- 0,1

%^mFe = 50,91%

%^mAl = 49,09%

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,353}{24,79}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=27,8\\1,5a+b=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{27,8}.100\%=19,424\%\\\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=80,576\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=3a+2b=1,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,4.36,5.100}{20}=255,5\left(g\right) \Rightarrow4\approx\approx\approx\Rightarrow FeHCm=\)

Đáp án : A

Đáp án A

a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow27a+56b=11\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,4\cdot2=0,8\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{11}\cdot100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=m_{AlCl_3}+m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot133,5+0,1\cdot127=39,4\left(g\right)\)

c) Bảo toàn electron: \(3\cdot0,2+3\cdot0,1=2n_{SO_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{SO_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,45\cdot22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)

a) Gọi nAl = x, nFe = y

Có 27x + 56y = 11 (1)

Bảo toàn e

3x + 2y = 2.0,4 (2)

Từ 1 và 2 => x = 0,2, y = 0,1

\(\%mAl=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100\%=49,09\%\)

\(\%mFe=100-49,09=50,91\%\)

b) BTKL: 

m muối = mkim loại + mHCl - mH2

= 11 + 0,4.2.36,5 - 0,4.2 = 39,4g

c) 

Bảo toàn e

Al => Al⁺³ + 3e                                  S⁺⁶ + 2e => S⁺⁴

0,2               0,6                                             2x          x

Fe => Fe⁺³ + 3e

0,1                  0,3

=> 2x = 0,6 + 0,3 => x = 0,45 mol

=> VSO₂ = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 lít

cÂU 2.

\(n_Z=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow100x+56y=25,6\left(1\right)\)

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y=n_Z=0,3\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot100}{25,6}\cdot100\%=78,125\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-78,125\%=21,875\%\)

\(m_{muối}=m_{CaCl_2}+m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot111+0,1\cdot127=34,9g\)

Đáp án : D

Bảo toàn e :

+) X + HCl : 2n_Zn + 2n_Mg + 2n_Fe = 2n_H2 = 1,0 mol

+) X + Cl₂ : 2n_Zn + 2n_Mg + 3n_Fe = 2n_Cl2 = 1,1 mol

=> n_Fe = 1,1 – 1,0 = 0,1 mol => m_Fe = 5,6g